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Correlation between external and internal respiratory motion: a validation study

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International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose

In motion-compensated image-guided radiotherapy, accurate tracking of the target region is required. This tracking process includes building a correlation model between external surrogate motion and the motion of the target region. A novel correlation method is presented and compared with the commonly used polynomial model.

Methods and Materials

The CyberKnife system (Accuray, Inc., Sunnyvale/CA) uses a polynomial correlation model to relate externally measured surrogate data (optical fibres on the patient’s chest emitting red light) to infrequently acquired internal measurements (X-ray data). A new correlation algorithm based on \({\varepsilon}\) -Support Vector Regression (SVR) was developed. Validation and comparison testing were done with human volunteers using live 3D ultrasound and externally measured infrared light-emitting diodes (IR LEDs). Seven data sets (5:03–6:27 min long) were recorded from six volunteers.

Results

Polynomial correlation algorithms were compared to the SVR-based algorithm demonstrating an average increase in root mean square (RMS) accuracy of 21.3% (0.4 mm). For three signals, the increase was more than 29% and for one signal as much as 45.6% (corresponding to more than 1.5 mm RMS). Further analysis showed the improvement to be statistically significant.

Conclusion

The new SVR-based correlation method outperforms traditional polynomial correlation methods for motion tracking. This method is suitable for clinical implementation and may improve the overall accuracy of targeted radiotherapy.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute for Robotics and Cognitive Systems, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany

    Floris Ernst, Ralf Bruder & Achim Schweikard

  2. Medical Robotics Group, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany

    Alexander Schlaefer

Authors
  1. Floris Ernst
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  2. Ralf Bruder
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  3. Alexander Schlaefer
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  4. Achim Schweikard
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Correspondence to Floris Ernst.

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Ernst, F., Bruder, R., Schlaefer, A. et al. Correlation between external and internal respiratory motion: a validation study. Int J CARS 7, 483–492 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11548-011-0653-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11548-011-0653-6

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