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Hematologic toxicities of small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors

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Abstract

Small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are potent anti-cancer targeted therapies. TKIs are considered safe and efficacious therapeutic modalities, and are generally tolerated well. However, they are associated with certain side effects including hematologic toxicities such as anemia, macrocytosis, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, hemolytic anemia, bone marrow aplasia and necrosis. Thrombotic microangiopathy, arterial thromboembolism and splenic infarction can also occur following treatment with TKIs. Cytopenias are the most common adverse effects associated with these agents, and other hematologic toxicities are not frequent. It is essential for clinicians to monitor patients closely, and recognize those side effects as early as possible, in order to improve efficacy of small molecule TKIs and optimize outcomes. This article summarizes hematologic toxicities associated with the commonly used small molecule TKIs. It also provides practical strategies for the management of these toxicities.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 987680 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-7680, USA

    Nicholas A. Barber, Wais Afzal & Mojtaba Akhtari

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  1. Nicholas A. Barber
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  2. Wais Afzal
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  3. Mojtaba Akhtari
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Correspondence to Mojtaba Akhtari.

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Barber, N.A., Afzal, W. & Akhtari, M. Hematologic toxicities of small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Targ Oncol 6, 203–215 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11523-011-0202-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11523-011-0202-9

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