Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Installation effects of the post-grouted micropile in marine soft clay

  • Research Paper
  • Published:
Acta Geotechnica Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The grouted steel pipe micropile is widely used as structural support and in situ improvement in China. This paper presents measurement of the radial soil stress and excess pore water pressure during the construction processes of the grouted steel pipe micropile (with an enlarged driving shoe) embedded in marine soft clay. Comparative analysis was conducted between the predictions by cavity expansion method (CEM) and maximum stress values in situ. The results show that the existence of the enlarged driving shoe has an effect on the stress change in the surrounding soils during penetration. The maximum radial total stress and excess pore water pressure generated during micropile penetration are approximately 4–6σv0′ and 1.5–2.5σv0′, respectively. The maximum radial total stress and excess pore water pressure, which appeared near the pile wall during the process of post-grouting, are approximately 5–7cu and 4–6cu, respectively. The predictions of CEM for pore water pressure during micropile penetration and post-grouting are in reasonable agreement with the field test data.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12

Similar content being viewed by others

Data availability statement

All data, models, and code generated or used during the study appear in the submitted article.

References

  1. Abu-Farsakh M, Rosti F, Souri A (2015) Evaluating pile installation and subsequent thixotropic and consolidation effects on setup by numerical simulation for full-scale pile load tests. Can Geotech J 52(11):1734–1746

    Google Scholar 

  2. API (2000) Recommended practice for planning, designing and constructing fixed offshore platforms-working stress design. Washington, DC

  3. Baligh MM (1985) Strain path method. J Geotech Eng 111(9):1108–1136

    Google Scholar 

  4. Bjerrum L, Johannessen IJ (1961) Pore pressures resulting from driving piles in soft clay. In: Conference on pore press and suction in soil, Butterworths, Sydney

  5. Bruce DA, Juran I, Dimillio AF (2002) High capacity grouted micropiles: the state of practice in the United States. In: 15th international conference on soil mechanics and geotechnical engineering, Istanbul, Turkey

  6. Carter JP, Booker JR, Yeung SK (1986) Cavity expansion in cohesive frictional soils. Géotechnique 36(3):349–358

    Google Scholar 

  7. Carter JP, Randolph MF, Wroth CP (1979) Stress and pore pressure changes in clay during and after the expansion of a cylindrical cavity. Int J Numer Anal Met 3(4):305–322

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  8. Cudmani R, Osinov VA (2001) The cavity expansion problem for the interpretation of cone penetration and pressuremeter tests. Can Geotech J 38(3):622–638

    Google Scholar 

  9. Dappolonia DJ, Lambe TW (1971) Performance of four foundations on end bearing piles. J Soil Mech Found Div 97:77–93

    Google Scholar 

  10. El Kamash W, Han J (2017) Numerical analysis of existing foundations underpinned by micropiles. Int J Geomech 17:040161266

    Google Scholar 

  11. Engin HK, Brinkgreve RB, van Tol AF (2015) Approximation of pile installation effects: a practical tool. Proc Inst Civ Eng Geotech 168(4):319–334

    Google Scholar 

  12. Hamann T, Qiu G, Grabe J (2015) Application of a coupled Eulerian–Lagrangian approach on pile installation problems under partially drained conditions. Comput Geotech 63:279–290

    Google Scholar 

  13. Hwang J, Liang N, Chen C (2001) Ground response during pile driving. J Geotech Geoenviron 127(11):939–949

    Google Scholar 

  14. Jiang MJ, Sun YG (2012) Cavity expansion analyses of crushable granular materials with state-dependent dilatancy. Int J Numer Anal Met 36(6):723–742

    Google Scholar 

  15. Ko J, Jeong S, Lee JK (2016) Large deformation fe analysis of driven steel pipe piles with soil plugging. Comput Geotech 71:82–97

    Google Scholar 

  16. Kong GQ, Cao ZH, Zhou H et al (2015) Analysis of piles under oblique pullout load using transparent-soil models. Geotech Test J 38(5):20140109

    Google Scholar 

  17. Kong G, Zhou H, Ding X et al (2015) Measuring effects of x-section pile installation in soft clay. Proc Inst Civ Eng Geotech 168(4):296–305

    Google Scholar 

  18. Konkol J, Balachowski L (2016) Large deformation finite element analysis of undrained pile installation. Stud Geotech Mech 38(1):45–54

    Google Scholar 

  19. Larsson K, Jog D (2014) Performance of micropiles used to underpin highway bridges. J Perform Constr Fac 28(3):592–607

    Google Scholar 

  20. Larsson R, Åhnberg H (2005) On the evaluation of undrained shear strength and preconsolidation pressure from common field tests in clay. Can Geotech J 42(4):1221–1231

    Google Scholar 

  21. Liu J, Zhang Z, Yu F et al (2011) Case history of installing instrumented jacked open-ended piles. J Geotech Geoenviron 138(7):810–820

    Google Scholar 

  22. Lo KY, Stermac AG (1965) Induced pore pressures during pile-driving operations. In: Proceedings of 6th conference on soil mechanical and foundation engineering, Toronto, Canada

  23. Mccabe BA, Lehane BM (2006) Behavior of axially loaded pile groups driven in clayey silt. J Geotech Geoenviron 132(3):401–410

    Google Scholar 

  24. Mo P, Marshall AM, Yu H (2016) Interpretation of cone penetration test data in layered soils using cavity expansion analysis. J Geotech Geoenviron 143(1):04016084

    Google Scholar 

  25. Mo P, Yu H (2016) Undrained cavity-contraction analysis for prediction of soil behavior around tunnels. Int J Geomech 17(5):04016121

    Google Scholar 

  26. Omidvar M, Iskander M, Bless S (2016) Soil–projectile interactions during low velocity penetration. Inter J Impact Eng 93:211–221

    Google Scholar 

  27. Osinov VA, Chrisopoulos S, Triantafyllidis T (2013) Numerical study of the deformation of saturated soil in the vicinity of a vibrating pile. Acta Geotech 8(4):439–446

    Google Scholar 

  28. Pestana JM, Hunt CE, Bray JD (2002) Soil deformation and excess pore pressure field around a closed-ended pile. J Geotech Geoenviron 128(1):1–12

    Google Scholar 

  29. Poulos HG, Davis EH (1980) Pile foundation analysis and design. Wiley, London

    Google Scholar 

  30. Qiu G, Henke S, Grabe J (2011) Application of a coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian approach on geomechanical problems involving large deformations. Comput Geotech 38(1):30–39

    Google Scholar 

  31. Randolph MF, Carter JP, Wroth CP (1979) Driven piles in clay—the effects of installation and subsequent consolidation. Géotechnique 29(4):361–393

    Google Scholar 

  32. Sabatini PJ, Tanyu B, Armour T et al (2005) Micropile design and construction: reference manual. Federal Highway Administration, Washington, DC

    Google Scholar 

  33. Salgado R, Mitchell JK, Jamiolkowski M (1997) Cavity expansion and penetration resistance in sand. J Geotech Geoenviron 123(4):344–354

    Google Scholar 

  34. Schmertmann JH (1978) Guidelines for cone penetration test: performance and design. Federal Highway Administration, Washington, DC

    Google Scholar 

  35. Schnaid F, Mantaras FM (2003) Cavity expansion in cemented materials: structure degradation effects. Géotechnique 53(9):797–807

    Google Scholar 

  36. Sheng D, Eigenbrod KD, Wriggers P (2005) Finite element analysis of pile installation using large-slip frictional contact. Comput Geotech 32(1):17–26

    Google Scholar 

  37. Shuttle D (2007) Cylindrical cavity expansion and contraction in tresca soil. Géotechnique 57(3):305–308

    Google Scholar 

  38. Silvestri V, Abou-Samra G (2012) Analytical solution for undrained plane strain expansion of a cylindrical cavity in modified cam clay. Geomech Eng 4(1):19–37

    Google Scholar 

  39. Skemption AW, Northey RD (1952) The sensitivity of clays. Géotechnique 3(1):30–53

    Google Scholar 

  40. Soderman LG, Milligan V (1961) Capacity of friction piles in varved clay increased by electro-osmosis. In: Proceedings of 5th international conference on soil mechanical and foundation engineering, Dunod, Paris

  41. Tolooiyan A, Gavin K (2011) Modelling the cone penetration test in sand using cavity expansion and arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian finite element methods. Comput Geotech 38(4):482–490

    Google Scholar 

  42. Walker J, Yu HS (2006) Adaptive finite element analysis of cone penetration in clay. Acta Geotech 1(1):43–57

    Google Scholar 

  43. Wang D, Bienen B, Nazem M et al (2015) Large deformation finite element analyses in geotechnical engineering. Comput Geotech 65:104–114

    Google Scholar 

  44. Xiang B, Zhang LM, Zhou L et al (2014) Field lateral load tests on slope-stabilization grouted pipe pile groups. J Geotech Geoenviron 141(4):04014124

    Google Scholar 

  45. Xiao Y, Yin F, Liu H et al (2016) Model tests on soil movement during the installation of piles in transparent granular soil. Int J Geomech 17(4):06016027

    Google Scholar 

  46. Xu XT, Liu HL, Lehane BM (2006) Pipe pile installation effects in soft clay. Proc Inst Civ Eng Geotech 159(4):285–296

    Google Scholar 

  47. Yu HS, Houlsby GT (1991) Finite cavity expansion in dilatant soils: loading analysis. Géotechnique 41(2):173–183

    Google Scholar 

  48. Yu H (2000) Cavity expansion methods in geomechanics. Springer, Berlin

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  49. Zhang LM, Wang H (2009) Field study of construction effects in jacked and driven steel h-piles. Géotechnique 59(1):63–69

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  50. Zhou H, Kong G, Liu H et al (2018) Similarity solution for cavity expansion in thermoplastic soil. Int J Numer Anal Met 42(2):274–294

    Google Scholar 

  51. Zhou H, Liu H, Randolph MF et al (2017) Experimental and analytical study of x-section cast-in-place concrete pile installation effect. Int J Phys Model Geotech 17(2):103–121

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51639002).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210024, China

    Gangqiang Kong

  2. Key Laboratory of Geological Hazards on Three Gorges Reservoir Area of Ministry of Education, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, Hubei, China

    Gangqiang Kong

  3. Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Geomechanics and Embankment Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210024, China

    Lei Wen

  4. Key Laboratory of New Technology for Construction of Cities in Mountain Area, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China

    Hanlong Liu

  5. School of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China

    Junjie Zheng

  6. State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China

    Qing Yang

Authors
  1. Gangqiang Kong
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Lei Wen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Hanlong Liu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Junjie Zheng
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Qing Yang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Lei Wen.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Kong, G., Wen, L., Liu, H. et al. Installation effects of the post-grouted micropile in marine soft clay. Acta Geotech. 15, 3559–3569 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11440-020-00993-x

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11440-020-00993-x

Keywords

Search

Navigation