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Measurement-device-independent quantum secure direct communication

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Abstract

Quantum secure direct communication (QSDC) is a unique technique, which supports the secure transmission of confidential information directly through a quantum channel without the need for a secret key and for ciphertext. Hence this secure communication protocol fundamentally differs from its conventional counterparts. In this article, we report the first measurement-device-independent (MDI) QSDC protocol relying on sequences of entangled photon pairs and single photons. Explicitly, it eliminates the security loopholes associated with the measurement device. Additionally, this MDI technique is capable of doubling the communication distance of its conventional counterpart operating without using our MDI technique. We also conceive a protocol associated with linear optical Bell-basis measurements, where only two of the four Bell-basis states could be measured. When the number of qubits in a sequence reduces to 1, the MDI-QSDC protocol degenerates to a deterministic MDI quantum key distribution protocol.

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Author information

Author notes

  1. These authors contributed equally to this work

Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Low-dimensional Quantum Physics, Beijing, 100084, China

    ZengRong Zhou, PengHao Niu & GuiLu Long

  2. Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China

    ZengRong Zhou, PengHao Niu & GuiLu Long

  3. Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing, 100084, China

    ZengRong Zhou & PengHao Niu

  4. Beijing Academy of Quantum Information, Beijing, 100084, China

    ZengRong Zhou & PengHao Niu

  5. Institute of Quantum Information and Technology, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210003, China

    YuBo Sheng

  6. College of Telecommunications & Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210003, China

    YuBo Sheng

  7. Key Lab of Broadband Wireless Communication and Sensor Network Technology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210003, China

    YuBo Sheng

  8. Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Beijing, 100084, China

    LiuGuo Yin & GuiLu Long

  9. School of Information and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China

    LiuGuo Yin & GuiLu Long

  10. School of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK

    Lajos Hanzo

Authors
  1. ZengRong Zhou
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  2. YuBo Sheng
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  3. PengHao Niu
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  4. LiuGuo Yin
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  5. GuiLu Long
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  6. Lajos Hanzo
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to LiuGuo Yin or GuiLu Long.

Additional information

This work was supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant Nos. 2017YFA0303700, and 2015CB921001), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 61726801, 11474168, 11974189, and 11474181). Lajos Hanzo would like to thank the European Research Council for the fiscal support of his Advanced Fellow Grant QuantCom. The helpful suggestions of Dr Chitra Shukla are also gratefully acknowledged.

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Zhou, Z., Sheng, Y., Niu, P. et al. Measurement-device-independent quantum secure direct communication. Sci. China Phys. Mech. Astron. 63, 230362 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11433-019-1450-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11433-019-1450-8

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