Abstract
The accurate estimation of expressway traffic state can provide decision-making for both travelers and traffic managers. The speed is one of the most representative parameter of the traffic state. So the expressway speed spatial distribution can be taken as the expressway traffic state equivalent. In this paper, an algorithm based on virtual speed sensors (VSS) is presented to estimate the expressway traffic state (the speed spatial distribution). To gain the spatial distribution of expressway traffic state, virtual speed sensors are defined between adjacent traffic flow sensors. Then, the speed data extracted from traffic flow sensors in time series are mapped to space series to design virtual speed sensors. Then the speed of virtual speed sensors can be calculated with the weight matrix which is related with the speed of virtual speed sensors and the speed data extracted from traffic flow sensors and the speed data extracted from traffic flow sensors in time series. Finally, the expressway traffic state (the speed spatial distribution) can be gained. The acquisition of average travel speed of the expressway is taken for application of this traffic state estimation algorithm. One typical expressway in Beijing is adopted for the experiment analysis. The results prove that this traffic state estimation approach based on VSS is feasible and can achieve a high accuracy.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Nanthawichit C, Nakatsuji T, Suzuki H. Application of probe vehicle data for real-time traffic state estimation and short-term travel time prediction on a freeway. In: 82nd Annual Meeting Preprint CD-ROM. Washington DC: Transport Res Board, 2003. 49–59
Wang Y, Papageorgiou M. An adaptive freeway traffic state estimator and its real-data testing-part II: adaptive capabilities. In: Proceedings of the 8th International IEEE Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems. Vienna, Austria: IEEE, 2005. 537–548
Wang Y, Papageorgiou M. Real-time freeway traffic state estimation based on extended kalman filter: a case study. Transport Sci, 2007, 41(2): 167–181
Wang Y, Papageorgiou M. Real-time freeway traffic state estimation based on extended kalman filter: A general approach. Transport Res B, 2005, 39(2): 141–167
Xu T D, Tomeh O, Sun L J. Urban expressway real-time traffic state estimation and travel time prediction within ekf framework. In: Transportation and Development Innovative Best Practices. ASCE, 2008. 192–197
Pueboobpaphan R, Nakatsuji T. Unscented kalman filter-based real-time traffic state estimation. In: Transportation Research Board 86th Annual Meeting. Washington DC: Transport Res Board, 2007. 128–136
Mihaylova L, Boel R. A particle filter for freeway traffic estimation. In: Proc 43rd IEEE Conference on Decision and Control. IEEE, 2004. 2106–2111
Cheng P, Qiu Z, Ran B. Particle filter based traffic state estimation using cell phone network data. In: 2006 IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Conference. IEEE, 2006. 1047–1052
Antoniou C, Ben-Akiva M, Koutsopoulos H N. Nonlinear kalman filtering algorithms for on-line calibration of dynamic traffic assignment models. IEEE Trans Intell Transport Syst, 2007, 8(4): 661–670
Sun X, Munoz L, Horowitz R. Mixture kalman filter based highway congestion mode and vehicle density estimator and its application. In: 2004 American Control Conference Proceedings. Boston, Massachusetts: IEEE, 2004. 2098–2103
Juan C H, Alexandre M B. Incorporation of lagrangian measurements in freeway traffic state estimation. Transport Res B, 2010, 44: 460–481
Zhang X L, Zhang K, Liu H, et al. Urban expressway traffic state estimation based on fcm-rough set. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference of Chinese Transportation Professionals. ASCE, 2010. 2159–2168
Lendek Z, Babuska R, De Schutter B. Fuzzy models and observers for freeway traffic state tracking. In: Proceedings of the Ninth IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems. Baltimore, Maryland: IEEE, 2010. 2278–2283
Wang J J, Xie C F, Chang Z W, et al. The analysis of traffic flow state on foggy expressway based on fuzzy clustering. In: Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference of Chinese Transportation Professionals. ASCE, 2009. 398–404
Deng C, Wang F, Shi H M, et al. Real-time freeway traffic state estimation based on cluster analysis and multiclass support vector machine. In: The 1st International Workshop Intelligent Systems and Applications. IEEE, 2009. 1–4
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Xu, D., Dong, H., Jia, L. et al. Virtual speed sensors based algorithm for expressway traffic state estimation. Sci. China Technol. Sci. 55, 1381–1390 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11431-012-4814-9
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11431-012-4814-9