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Global patterns and climatic drivers of above- and belowground net primary productivity in grasslands

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Abstract

Understanding patterns and determinants of net primary productivity (NPP) in global grasslands is ongoing challenges, especially for belowground NPP (BNPP) and its fraction (fBNPP). By developing a comprehensive field-based dataset, we revealed that, along with gradients of mean annual precipitation, actual evapotranspiration, and aridity, aboveground NPP (ANPP), BNPP, and total NPP (TNPP) exhibited hump-shaped patterns, whereas fBNPP showed an opposite trend. ANPP and TNPP showed positive correlations with mean annual temperature, but fBNPP was negatively correlated with it. The relationship between BNPP and climatic factors was considerably weak, indicating that BNPP was relatively stable regardless of the climate conditions. We also observed that the sensitivities of ANPP and BNPP to interannual temperature variability and those of BNPP to interannual precipitation fluctuations exhibited large variations among different study sites, and differed from those at the spatial scale. In contrast, the temporal sensitivities of ANPP to interannual precipitation variability were highly similar across all the individual sites and much smaller than those at the spatial scale. Overall, these results highlight that precipitation, temperature and evapotranspiration all play vital roles in shaping ANPP pattern and its partitioning to belowground and that the patterns of BNPP along climatic gradients do not mirror those of the ANPP.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to express our sincere appreciation to all the principal investigators, technicians, etc. who contribute to the global dataset used in this synthesis. We thank team members from Peking University, including Yuhao Feng, Yupin Wang, Haojie Su, Suhui Ma, Chenzhi Wang, and Guoping Chen for assistance in paper writing. This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31988102) and the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2017YFC0503906).

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  1. Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China

    Yuanfeng Sun, Zhiyao Tang, Shaopeng Wang & Jingyun Fang

  2. State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China

    Yuanhe Yang, Xia Zhao & Jingyun Fang

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  1. Yuanfeng Sun
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Sun, Y., Yang, Y., Zhao, X. et al. Global patterns and climatic drivers of above- and belowground net primary productivity in grasslands. Sci. China Life Sci. 64, 739–751 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11427-020-1837-9

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