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Adaptive T cell immunotherapy in cancer

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Abstract

Impaired tumor-specific effector T cells contribute to tumor progression and unfavorable clinical outcomes. As a compensatory T cell-dependent cancer immunoediting strategy, adoptive T cell therapy (ACT) has achieved encouraging therapeutic results, and this strategy is now on the center stage of cancer treatment and research. ACT involves the ex vivo stimulation and expansion of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) with inherent tumor reactivity or T cells that have been genetically modified to express the cognate chimeric antigen receptor or T cell receptor (CAR/TCR), followed by the passive transfer of these cells into a lymphodepleted host. Primed T cells must provide highly efficient and long-lasting immune defense against transformed cells during ACT. Anin-depth understanding of the basic mechanisms of these living drugs can help us improve upon current strategies and design better next-generation T cell-based immunotherapies. From this perspective, we provide an overview of current developments in different ACT strategies, with a focus on frontier clinical trials that offer a proof of principle. Meanwhile, insights into the determinants of ACT are discussed, which will lead to more rational, potent and widespread applications in the future.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81830002, 31870873, and 31991171 to WeidongHan; 31971378 to Dongdong Ti; 81672797 to Xiaolei Li).

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  1. Contributed equally to this work

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Bio-therapeutic Department, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China

    Dongdong Ti, Miaomiao Bai, Xiaolei Li, Jianshu Wei, Deyun Chen, Zhiqiang Wu, Yao Wang & Weidong Han

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  1. Dongdong Ti
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  2. Miaomiao Bai
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  3. Xiaolei Li
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  4. Jianshu Wei
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  6. Zhiqiang Wu
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  7. Yao Wang
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  8. Weidong Han
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Correspondence to Zhiqiang Wu, Yao Wang or Weidong Han.

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Ti, D., Bai, M., Li, X. et al. Adaptive T cell immunotherapy in cancer. Sci. China Life Sci. 64, 363–371 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11427-020-1713-9

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