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The Role of Platelet-Rich Plasma in Inducing Musculoskeletal Tissue Healing

  • Review Article
  • Published:
HSS Journal ®

Abstract

Background

Platelet-rich plasma [PRP] has received increasing interest across many musculoskeletal disciplines and has been widely applied clinically to stimulate tissue healing in numerous anatomical regions. The known actions of platelet-derived factors suggest that PRP may have significant potential in the treatment of pathological conditions of cartilage, tendon, ligament, and muscle.

Purpose

The aim of this manuscript is to review current literature regarding the biology of PRP and the efficacy of using PRP to augment healing of tendon ligament and muscle injuries, as well as early osteoarthritis.

Methods

A comprehensive literature review of musculoskeletal applications of PRP was performed, including basic science and clinical studies such as randomized controlled trials, case controlled series, and case series.

Results

The most compelling evidence to support the efficacy of PRP is for its application to tendon damage associated with lateral and medial epicondylitis. Although some promising studies have been reported supporting the use of PRP in osteoarthritis and ligament and muscle injuries, it currently remains unknown whether PRP effectively alters the progression of osteoarthritis or aids the healing of ligament and muscle tissues.

Conclusion

The rationale for the use of PRP to improve tissue healing is strong, but the efficacy for many musculoskeletal applications remains unproven. PRP has been shown to be a safe treatment. A number of questions regarding PRP remain unanswered, including the optimal concentration of platelets, what cell types should be present, the ideal frequency of application, or the optimal rehabilitation regimen for tissue repair and return to full function.

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Acknowledgments

The authors wish to thank Catherine Hayter, MBBS for the assistance with the analysis of the MRI images included in this manuscript.

Disclosures

Each author certifies that he or she has no commercial associations (e.g., consultancies, stock ownership, equity interest, patent/licensing arrangements, etc.) that might pose a conflict of interest in connection with the submitted article.

This work was performed at Hospital for Special Surgery.

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  1. Hospital for Special Surgery, 535 East 70th Street, New York, NY, 10021, USA

    Brian C. Halpern MD, Salma Chaudhury MD, PhD & Scott A. Rodeo MD

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  1. Brian C. Halpern MD
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  2. Salma Chaudhury MD, PhD
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  3. Scott A. Rodeo MD
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Correspondence to Salma Chaudhury MD, PhD.

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Halpern, B.C., Chaudhury, S. & Rodeo, S.A. The Role of Platelet-Rich Plasma in Inducing Musculoskeletal Tissue Healing. HSS Jrnl 8, 137–145 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11420-011-9239-7

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