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Development of crossbreeding high-yield-potential strains for commercial cultivation in the medicinal mushroom Wolfiporia cocos (Higher Basidiomycetes)

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Abstract

Wolfiporia cocos is a well-known medicinal mushroom, and its dried sclerotia has been widely used as a traditional medicine in China, Japan, and other Asian countries for centuries. However, long-term asexual reproduction of the breeding system in W. cocos results in a current universal degeneration of cultivated strains. To develop a W. cocos breeding program that will benefit commercial cultivation, we previously developed an optimum method for indoor induction of W. cocos fruiting bodies and clarified the nature of preponderant binuclear sexual basidiospores. In this paper, we first show that the majority of W. cocos single-spore isolates cannot form sclerotium in field cultivation. We then investigated the possibility of breeding new strains by crossbreeding. Three types of mating reactions were observed in both intra-strain pairings and inter-strain pairings, and a total of fifty-five hybrids were selected by antagonistic testing and allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Field cultivation of hybrids demonstrated that some hybrids can form sclerotium via two cultivated methods. Two new high-yield strains were identified. This report will stimulate new thinking on W. cocos and promote further extensive studies on crossbreeding in W. cocos, a new topic related to the development of more efficient protocols for the discrimination of hybrids in W. cocos.

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31101590), the Key Project in the National Science and Technology Pillar Program of China (2011BAI06B03), and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2011QC089). The authors are especially grateful to Alicia Knudson and Dr. Mitchell Nuhn, Clark University, USA, for reviewing the manuscript. We also thank the anonymous reviewers for their thoughtful suggestions.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Applied Mycology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China

    Xiaozhao Xiang, Xiaoxia Wang, Yinbing Bian & Zhangyi Xu

  2. Key Laboratory of Agro-Microbial Resource and Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China

    Yinbing Bian & Zhangyi Xu

Authors
  1. Xiaozhao Xiang
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  2. Xiaoxia Wang
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  4. Zhangyi Xu
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Correspondence to Zhangyi Xu.

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Xiang, X., Wang, X., Bian, Y. et al. Development of crossbreeding high-yield-potential strains for commercial cultivation in the medicinal mushroom Wolfiporia cocos (Higher Basidiomycetes). J Nat Med 70, 645–652 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11418-016-0995-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11418-016-0995-z

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