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Effect of phosphorus competition on arsenic bioavailability in dry and flooded soils: comparative study using diffusive gradients in thin films and chemical extraction methods

  • Soils, Sec 3 • Remediation and Management of Contaminated or Degraded Lands • Research Article
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Abstract

Purpose

Phosphorus influence on arsenic bioavailability in soils and its toxicity to plants is widely recognized. This work compares competitive influence of P on As bioavailability in dry and flooded soils.

Materials and methods

Pot experiments were carried out in dry and flooded soils, respectively. Bioavailable As in soils was measured using diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT), soil solution concentration, and three single chemical extraction methods.

Results and discussion

P concentration at 50 mg/kg promoted wheat growth in dry soil. At concentrations above 50 mg/kg, P competition inhibited wheat growth and enhanced As toxicity. In flooded soil, the rice height and biomass decreased with the increase of P addition. P concentrations above 800 mg/kg were lethal to the rice. The content of As absorbed by wheat and rice roots as well as shoots increased with the increase of P concentration. The bioavailability of As in wheat- and rice-grown soils, determined by all methods, also increased with the increase of P concentration. The correlation analysis between the bioavailable As measured by the all three methods and the content of As in plants showed a significant positive correlation. The Pearson correlation coefficient for the DGT method was higher comparing to all other methods. DGT-induced fluxes in soils (DIFS) modeling further showed sharp decreases of Tc (the characteristic time to reach equilibrium between available solid As pool and soil solution As from DGT perturbation) and increases of desorption and adsorption rate constants (k1 and k−1) of As in P-amended soils, reflecting that the kinetic release of As from available solid As pools became much easy from P competition.

Conclusions

P competition in both dry and flooded soils could significantly increase bioavailability of As and further increase its toxicity. Competition effect was more pronounced in flooded soil. DGT is a more accurate method for As bioavailability evaluation in both dry and flooded soils.

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Funding

This study was jointly sponsored by the National Scientific Foundation of China (51479068, 41571465) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2018B43614).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China

    Qin Sun, Liping Zhang & Qing Liu

  2. State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China

    Shiming Ding, Musong Chen & Yan Wang

  3. Everbright Environmental Remediation (Jiangsu) Limited, Nanjing, 211100, China

    Xiang Chen

  4. Nanjing EasySensor Environmental Technology Co., Ltd, Nanjing, 210018, China

    Yan Wang

Authors
  1. Qin Sun
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  2. Shiming Ding
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  3. Liping Zhang
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  4. Xiang Chen
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  5. Qing Liu
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  6. Musong Chen
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  7. Yan Wang
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Correspondence to Shiming Ding.

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Responsible editor: Zhaohui Wang

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Sun, Q., Ding, S., Zhang, L. et al. Effect of phosphorus competition on arsenic bioavailability in dry and flooded soils: comparative study using diffusive gradients in thin films and chemical extraction methods. J Soils Sediments 19, 1830–1838 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-018-2196-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-018-2196-8

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