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Understanding the mechanisms of soil water repellency from nanoscale to ecosystem scale: a review

  • Soils, Sec 2 • Global Change, Environ Risk Assess, Sustainable Land Use • Review Article
  • Published:
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Abstract

Purpose

Soil water repellency (SWR) can interrupt water infiltration that may decline plant growth and potentially trigger soil erosion. Until now research has been mainly focused on understanding the mechanisms of SWR at different scales by observation and modelling studies.

Materials and methods

This review systematically discusses the possible mechanisms at different scales of the occurrence and persistence of SWR from nanoscale to ecosystem scale.

Results and discussion

Soil characteristics are strongly related to the severity of SWR, particularly in soil organic matter and soil moisture. The presence of a higher amount of hydrophobic organic compounds and lower soil moisture content lead to higher water repellency, suggesting that the interaction at the nanoscale between organic compounds and water molecules primarily determines the persistence of SWR. The repeated alternation of drying-wetting process largely modifies the relationship between water molecules and soil particles that impacts the possibility of SWR from hydrophilic in wet condition to hydrophobic in dry condition. Within ecosystem scale, vegetation and microbes are original sources of SWR-inducing compounds influencing the distribution and prevalence of SWR. Nevertheless, the challenge of global climate change, drought and warming can increase SWR. Extreme SWR induces more serious runoff and overland flow that is enhanced by intensive precipitation.

Conclusions

We conclude that understanding the interaction of water molecules and organic compounds at soil particle surface is essential to understand SWR at the nanoscale. Expanding the mechanisms of SWR from nanoscale to a larger scale is fundamental to improve the remediation of soil pollution and mitigate global change.

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Funding

This project was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant 21425730, 21537005 and 21621005), the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant 2014CB441106), the National Science Foundation for Young Scientists of China (Grant 21707118), and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant 2017FZA6006).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China

    Jiefei Mao & Baoliang Chen

  2. Department of Earth Sciences-Organic Geochemistry, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 2, P.O. Box 80115, 3508 TC, Utrecht, The Netherlands

    Klaas G. J. Nierop

  3. Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development- Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 2, P.O. Box 80115, 3508 TC, Utrecht, The Netherlands

    Stefan C. Dekker

  4. Soil Physics and Land Management Group, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands

    Stefan C. Dekker

  5. Faculty of Management, Science, and Technology, Department of Science, Netherlands Open University, Valkenburgerweg 177, 6419 AT, Heerlen, The Netherlands

    Louis W. Dekker

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  1. Jiefei Mao
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Correspondence to Baoliang Chen.

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Mao, J., Nierop, K.G.J., Dekker, S.C. et al. Understanding the mechanisms of soil water repellency from nanoscale to ecosystem scale: a review. J Soils Sediments 19, 171–185 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-018-2195-9

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