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Biochar reduced soil extractable Cd but increased its accumulation in rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivated on contaminated soils

  • Soils, Sec 5 • Soil and Landscape Ecology • Research Article
  • Published:
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Abstract

Purpose

This study focused on the effects and mechanisms of biochar amendment to Cd-contaminated soil on the uptake and translocation of Cd by rice under flooding conditions.

Materials and methods

Pot and batch experiments were conducted using Cd-contaminated soil collected from a field near an ore mining area and a cultivar of Oryza sativa ssp. indica. Biochar derived from rice straw under anaerobic conditions at 500 °C for 2 h was mixed with the soil at the rate of 0, 2.5, and 5%.

Results and discussion

The application of 5% biochar reduced CaCl2-extractable soil Cd by 34% but increased Cd concentration in brown rice by 451%. Biochar amendment decreased water-soluble Fe2+ in soils and formation of Fe plaques on roots and weakened the Fe2+-Cd2+ competition at adsorption sites on the root surface. Biochar increased water-soluble Cd in the soil and consequently Cd uptake by rice roots by releasing water-soluble Cl−. Biochar application also reduced the proportion of cell wall-bound Cd in the root, which caused easier Cd translocation from the cortex to the stele in the root and up to the shoot.

Conclusions

Rice straw biochar (with high concentration of water-soluble Cl−) reduced CaCl2-extractable soil Cd but increased Cd concentration in rice under flooding condition.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank Huang Bifei for technical assistance with ICP-MS analysis, Bo Xu for his assistance in the determination of Fe plaque, and Mingliu Zhao, Haixia Dong, Shouyin Tang for their experimental cooperation.

Funding

This study was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant no. U1305232).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Resource and Environmental Science, Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, People’s Republic of China

    Honghong Li, Yong Yu, Yanhui Chen, Yunyun Li, Mingkuang Wang & Guo Wang

  2. Department of Agricultural Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, 10617

    Mingkuang Wang

Authors
  1. Honghong Li
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  2. Yong Yu
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  3. Yanhui Chen
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  4. Yunyun Li
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  5. Mingkuang Wang
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  6. Guo Wang
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Guo Wang.

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Responsible editor: Claudio Bini

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Li, H., Yu, Y., Chen, Y. et al. Biochar reduced soil extractable Cd but increased its accumulation in rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivated on contaminated soils. J Soils Sediments 19, 862–871 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-018-2072-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-018-2072-6

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