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Distinguishing regional and local sources of pollution by trace metals and magnetic particles in fluvial sediments of the Morava River, Czech Republic

  • SEDIMENTS, SEC 1 • SEDIMENT QUALITY AND IMPACT ASSESSMENT • RESEARCH ARTICLE
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Abstract

Purpose

Regional contamination of southern Moravia (SE part of the Czech Republic) by trace metals and magnetic particles during the twentieth century was quantified in fluvial sediments of the Morava River. The influence of local pollution sources on regional contamination of the river sediments and the effect of sampling site heterogeneity were studied in sediment profiles with different lithologies.

Materials and methods

Hundreds of sediment samples were obtained from regulated channel banks and naturally inundated floodplains and proxy elemental analyses were carried out by energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (ED XRF) and further calibrated by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP MS). Magnetic susceptibility was determined as a proxy for industrial contamination. The age model for the floodplain sediments was established from 137Cs and 210Pb dating. Trace metal contamination was assessed by establishing the lithological background values from floodplain profiles and calculating enrichment factors (EF) of trace metals (i.e. Pb, Zn, Cu) and magnetic susceptibility for the entire study area.

Results and discussion

Channel sediments are unsuitable for the reconstruction of historical regional contamination due to their lithological heterogeneity and the “chaotic” influence of local sources of contamination, as well as the possibility of geochemical mobility of pollutants. On the other hand, sediments from regulated river banks qualitatively reflected the actual, local contamination of the river system.

Conclusions

This approach allowed us to distinguish the influence of local sources of contamination by comparison with more spatially averaged contamination signals from distal floodplain profiles. The studied area is weakly contaminated (EF ∼1–2), while individual sediment strata from regulated channel banks reflect local sources of contamination and contain up to several times higher concentrations of trace metals.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank Mark G. Macklin (Aberystwyth University, Wales) and Marcel van der Perk and Hans Middelkoop (Utrecht University, The Netherlands) for fruitful discussion on the concept of the Anthropocene in the fluvial sediment domain. Work related to the Morava River watershed and also 210Pb, 137Cs, ICP MS, ED XRF and MS analyses were funded by GA UK project 46210 and by project MSM 0021620855. Work related to the profiles from regulated river banks near Otrokovice were provided thanks to MSM0021622412 (INCHEMBIOL). ED XRF analyses of samples and data interpretation were provided thanks to research project RVO 61388980 at the Institute of Inorganic Chemistry AS CR, Rez, where many hundreds of samples have also been processed in analytical laboratory by J. Dörflová, Z. Hájková and P. Vorm.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 6, 128 43, Prague, Czech Republic

    Tereza Novakova, Martin Mihaljevic & Ladislav Strnad

  2. Institute of Inorganic Chemistry AS CR, v.v.i, 250 68, Rez, Czech Republic

    Tomas Matys Grygar

  3. Department of Geology, Palacky University, Tr. Svobody 26, 771 46, Olomouc, Czech Republic

    Ondrej Babek & Martin Famera

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  1. Tereza Novakova
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  2. Tomas Matys Grygar
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  3. Ondrej Babek
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Correspondence to Tereza Novakova.

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Responsible editor: Marcel van der Perk

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Novakova, T., Grygar, T.M., Babek, O. et al. Distinguishing regional and local sources of pollution by trace metals and magnetic particles in fluvial sediments of the Morava River, Czech Republic. J Soils Sediments 13, 460–473 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-012-0632-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-012-0632-8

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