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A combined hydraulic and toxicological approach to assess re-suspended sediments during simulated flood events. Part I–multiple biomarkers in rainbow trout

  • SEDIMENTS, SEC 1 • SEDIMENT QUALITY AND IMPACT ASSESSMENT • RESEARCH ARTICLE
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Abstract

Purpose

One of the central issues related to global changes in weather is the increasing occurrence of flood events that can result in the re-suspension of contaminated sediments in rivers. Here, we report on a proof-of-concept study combining hydraulic engineering and ecotoxicology in a new interdisciplinary approach to assess the toxicity of re-suspended polluted sediments after a simulated flood event.

Materials and methods

Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were exposed for 5 days under simulated flood conditions in an annular flume with artificial sediments that were spiked with a mixture of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) at environmentally relevant concentrations. Specifically, the objective of this study was to bridge the gap between the physical re-suspension of pollutants and resulting toxicological impacts on aquatic organisms. A suite of different molecular, biochemical and histological markers was used to test the hypothesis that re-suspension of sediments can lead to re-mobilization of PAHs and subsequently to effects on aquatic organisms.

Results and discussion

The micronucleus frequency was significantly 4.3-fold elevated after exposure. There was no significant indication of Aryl hydrocarbon receptor signaling (no EROD induction or increased CYP1A protein content, only slight induction of CYP1A gene expression). Biliary metabolite concentration was the most sensitive marker of PAH exposure. Results for other biomarkers (glutathione-S-transferase, catalase and lipid peroxidation) were inconclusive.

Conclusions

In combination with chemical analyses of suspended matter, the presented approach will be used to improve understanding of the re-mobilization of pollutants from sediments in support of environmental risk assessment.

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Acknowledgments

This study has been generously supported by a Pathfinder project of the Exploratory Research Space (ERS) at RWTH Aachen University, as part of the German Excellence Initiative. The RWTH Aachen University Undergraduate Research Opportunities Programme (UROP) provided funding for performing gene expression analyses at the University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada by a personal travel grant to the first author. The work was supported by the Canada Research Chairs program and a discovery grant from NSERC.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Ecosystem Analysis, Institute for Environmental Research, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany

    Markus Brinkmann, Sebastian Hudjetz, Jan Wölz & Henner Hollert

  2. Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management, RWTH Aachen University, Kreuzherrenstraße 7, 52056, Aachen, Germany

    Catrina Cofalla, Sebastian Roger & Holger Schüttrumpf

  3. Johann Heinrich von Thünen-Institut (vTI), Palmaille 9, 22767, Hamburg, Germany

    Ulrike Kammann

  4. Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, 44 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5B3, Canada

    John P. Giesy, Markus Hecker, Steve Wiseman & Xiaowei Zhang

  5. Department of Biomedical Veterinary Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 5B3, Canada

    John P. Giesy

  6. Department of Zoology and Center for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA

    John P. Giesy

  7. State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution and Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, SAR, China

    John P. Giesy

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  1. Markus Brinkmann
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  2. Sebastian Hudjetz
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  3. Catrina Cofalla
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  4. Sebastian Roger
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  8. Steve Wiseman
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  9. Xiaowei Zhang
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  10. Jan Wölz
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  11. Holger Schüttrumpf
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  12. Henner Hollert
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Correspondence to Markus Brinkmann or Henner Hollert.

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Brinkmann, M., Hudjetz, S., Cofalla, C. et al. A combined hydraulic and toxicological approach to assess re-suspended sediments during simulated flood events. Part I–multiple biomarkers in rainbow trout. J Soils Sediments 10, 1347–1361 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-010-0271-x

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