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Perceptions and attitudes towards entrepreneurship. An analysis of gender among university students

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Abstract

The present article analyzes the existence of gender differences in the perceptions and attitudes of university students towards entrepreneurship. It measures perceptions of the public image of the entrepreneur, along with the desirability, viability and intentionality of students towards creating their own business. The empirical data for this research comes from a sample of university students who have attended a Business Creation program run by the venture capital association known as Fostering Entrepreneurs hip in Extremadura, Spain. Data analysis using bivariate and multivariate techniques reveal significant results, indicating that gender plays a significant role in how the figure of the entrepreneur is perceived and on the intention to generate new business.

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Notes

  1. According to North, institutions cannot see, feel, touch or measure; they are constructions of the human mind.

  2. North defines “political entrepreneurs or economic entrepreneurs” as those agents of change that have the ability to decide within an organization and can thereby alter their growth and change.

  3. Copyright © 2000, José María Veciana and David Urbano. The reference questions in the questionnaire appear in Appendix 1.

  4. We consider the variables categorically in the regression as k-1, dummy variables and those codified through the method of codification of the indicator. This method represents the k-1 categories for 1 or 0 and the reference category has zeros, representing the coefficients of regression for the dummy variable, the deviations for each group with respect to the reference category. These group differences can be directly assigned values, given the fact that coefficients are in the same units as the dependent variable.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Business and Tourism, University of Extremadura, Avda. Universidad, s/n, C.P.: 10071, Cáceres, Spain

    María de la Cruz Sánchez-Escobedo, Juan Carlos Díaz-Casero, Ricardo Hernández-Mogollón & María Victoria Postigo-Jiménez

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  1. María de la Cruz Sánchez-Escobedo
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  2. Juan Carlos Díaz-Casero
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  3. Ricardo Hernández-Mogollón
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Correspondence to María de la Cruz Sánchez-Escobedo.

Appendix 1: Questions from the survey used in this study

Appendix 1: Questions from the survey used in this study

SEX: Sex of the respondent : 1: man 2: woman.

DESEO_1: Do you consider it desirable to create or found your own business? 1: Yes / 2: No.

VIABLE_2: Do you believe it is easier or more difficult to create a new business than in previous decades? 1: Easier / 2: More difficult.

INTENC_5: Have you thought of creating or founding your own business? 1: No, never; 2: No, but I intend to join the family business; 3: Yes, vaguely; 4: Yes, seriously; 5: Yes I have a clear intention to start up a business.

VEMP: Evaluate each of the following entrepreneurial attributes: 1: Totally agree; 2. Agree; 3. Disagree; 4. Totally disagree; 5. NR.

VPR: Give an evaluation from 1 (most important) to (least important) of the following professions to society.

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Sánchez-Escobedo, M.C., Díaz-Casero, J.C., Hernández-Mogollón, R. et al. Perceptions and attitudes towards entrepreneurship. An analysis of gender among university students. Int Entrep Manag J 7, 443–463 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11365-011-0200-5

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