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Mediterranean diet supplemented with coenzyme Q10 induces postprandial changes in p53 in response to oxidative DNA damage in elderly subjects

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Abstract

Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ) is a powerful antioxidant that reduces oxidative stress. We explored whether the quality of dietary fat alters postprandial oxidative DNA damage and whether supplementation with CoQ improves antioxidant capacity by modifying the activation/stabilization of p53 in elderly subjects. In this crossover study, 20 subjects were randomly assigned to receive three isocaloric diets during 4 weeks each: (1) Mediterranean diet (Med diet), (2) Mediterranean diet supplemented with CoQ (Med+CoQ diet), and (3) saturated fatty acid-rich diet (SFA diet). Levels of mRNAs were determined for p53, p21, p53R2, and mdm2. Protein levels of p53, phosphorylated p53 (Ser20), and monoubiquitinated p53 were also measured, both in cytoplasm and nucleus. The extent of DNA damage was measured as plasma 8-OHdG. SFA diet displayed higher postprandial 8-OHdG concentrations, p53 mRNA and monoubiquitinated p53, and lower postprandial Mdm2 mRNA levels compared with Med and Med+CoQ diets (p < 0.05). Moreover, Med+CoQ diet induced a postprandial decrease of cytoplasmatic p53, nuclear p-p53 (Ser20), and nuclear and cytoplasmatic monoubiquitinated p53 protein (p < 0.05). In conclusion, Med+CoQ diet improves oxidative DNA damage in elderly subjects and reduces processes of cellular oxidation. Our results suggest a starting point for the prevention of oxidative processes associated with aging.

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Abbreviations

Apo:

Apolipoprotein

BMI:

Body mass index

CoQ:

Coenzyme Q10

HDL-C:

HDL cholesterol

LDL:

Low-density lipoprotein

Med diet:

Mediterranean diet

Med+CoQ diet:

Mediterranean diet supplemented with CoQ

MUFA:

Monounsaturated fatty acid

PUFA:

Polyunsaturated fatty acid

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

SFA:

Saturated fatty acid

SFA diet:

Saturated fatty acid-rich diet

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Acknowledgments

Source of support

This study was supported in part by research grants from the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (AGL 2004-07907, AGL2006-01979, AGL2009-12270 to JL-M; CB06/03/0047-CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutrition is an initiative of ISCIII to FP-J), Consejería de Innovación, Ciencia y Empresa, Junta de Andalucía (P06-CTS-01425 to JL-M), Consejería de Salud, Junta de Andalucía (06/128, 07/43, PI0193/2009 to JL-M, 06/129 to FP-J), and Kaneka Corporation (Japan) for the production of CoQ and placebo capsules.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Lipid and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, and CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Córdoba, Spain

    Francisco M. Gutierrez-Mariscal, Pablo Perez-Martinez, Javier Delgado-Lista, Elena M. Yubero-Serrano, Antonio Camargo, Nieves Delgado-Casado, Cristina Cruz-Teno, Francisco Fuentes, Francisco Perez-Jimenez & Jose Lopez-Miranda

  2. Clinical Analysis Service, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain

    Fernando Rodriguez-Cantalejo

  3. Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, and CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Córdoba, Spain

    Justo P. Castaño

  4. Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, Córdoba, Spain

    Monica Santos-Gonzalez & Jose M. Villalba-Montoro

  5. Lipid and Atherosclerosis Unit, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Avda. Menendez Pidal, s/n, 14004, Córdoba, Spain

    Jose Lopez-Miranda

Authors
  1. Francisco M. Gutierrez-Mariscal
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  2. Pablo Perez-Martinez
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  3. Javier Delgado-Lista
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  4. Elena M. Yubero-Serrano
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  5. Antonio Camargo
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  6. Nieves Delgado-Casado
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  7. Cristina Cruz-Teno
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  8. Monica Santos-Gonzalez
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  9. Fernando Rodriguez-Cantalejo
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  10. Justo P. Castaño
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  11. Jose M. Villalba-Montoro
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  12. Francisco Fuentes
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  13. Francisco Perez-Jimenez
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  14. Jose Lopez-Miranda
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jose Lopez-Miranda.

Additional information

Francisco M. Gutierrez-Mariscal and Pablo Perez-Martinez contributed equally to this work.

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Gutierrez-Mariscal, F.M., Perez-Martinez, P., Delgado-Lista, J. et al. Mediterranean diet supplemented with coenzyme Q10 induces postprandial changes in p53 in response to oxidative DNA damage in elderly subjects. AGE 34, 389–403 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-011-9229-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-011-9229-1

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