Abstract
East Africa has a substantially greater rate of food insecurity than other regions of the world. Scenarios of climate change and other macroeconomic variables are important contributors to food insecurity in East Africa. Using data spanning from 1990 to 2020, this study looked into the influence of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, economic growth, population growth, trade openness, and agricultural employment on food security in the East Africa. The fully modified ordinary least square (FMOLS) and dynamic ordinary least square (DOLS) models were used in this study. The heterogeneous panel cointegration test’s findings indicated that the study variables have an equilibrium long-term connections. The estimation findings from the FMOLS and DOLS models showed that an increase in CO2 emissions increases food security in the East Africa over the long term. According to other findings, long-term food security is positively impacted by economic expansion, population growth, trade openness, and employment in agriculture. However, trade openness has a detrimental long-lasting effect on food security. Future research directions, research limitations, and policy implications are discussed.
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The data is openly available on the website of the World Development Indicators (WDI).
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Evans Brako Ntiamoah: conceptualization; writing—original draft; formal analysis. Abbas Ali Chandio: writing—original draft; data curation; software; formal analysis. Edmond Nyamah Yeboah: writing, editing, supervision. Martinson Ankrah-Twumasi: writing, editing, validation. Dongmei Li: review, editing, supervision.
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Ntiamoah, E.B., Chandio, A.A., Yeboah, E.N. et al. How do carbon emissions, economic growth, population growth, trade openness and employment influence food security? Recent evidence from the East Africa. Environ Sci Pollut Res 30, 51844–51860 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-26031-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-26031-3