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Sustainable carbon nano-onions as an adsorbent for the efficient removal of oxo-anions

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Abstract

The increasing threats of oxo-anions in drinking water have posed a serious threat to human health, aquatic environment, ecology, and sustainability. Accordingly, developments of cost-effective and sustainable nanomaterials for water remediation are on top priority and highly sought in global research community. Carbon nano-onions (CNOs) are one of the emerging nanomaterials for water purification because of its unique morphology, surface reactivity, high density of surface-active sites, and microporous structure. Herein, flaxseed oil–derived CNOs are utilized as efficient adsorbent for the removal of toxic oxo-anions. Aside from the green and economic nature, CNOs provide high adsorption efficiency ~ 806.45 mg g−1 for the removal of \({\text{MnO}}_4^-\) (99.9%) from aqueous system at ambient temperature, neutral pH in 70 min. The adsorption of \({\text{MnO}}_4^-\) onto CNOs was well fitted in pseudo-second order kinetics and followed the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. The adsorption process was determined to be exothermic and spontaneous from the resulting thermodynamic characteristics. Furthermore, the high hydrophobic nature of CNOs make it recycling simpler. The real-life applicability of CNOs towards \({\text{MnO}}_4^-\) removal was tested in tap water, river water, and dam water. With all these observed results, CNOs show promise for practical water remediation applications.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to MRC, MNIT, Jaipur, for characterization facilities and IUAC, New Delhi, for the financial support [UFR 56321].

Funding

IUAC, New Delhi, for the financial support [UFR 56321].

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, Rajasthan, 302017, India

    Poonam Kumari & Ragini Gupta

  2. Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Petroleum and Energy, Vishakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, 530003, India

    Kumud Malika Tripathi

  3. Department of Physics, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, Rajasthan, 302017, India

    Kamlendra Awasthi

  4. Materials Research Centre, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, Rajasthan, 302017, India

    Kamlendra Awasthi & Ragini Gupta

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  1. Poonam Kumari
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  4. Ragini Gupta
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Contributions

All authors have contributed to the study conception and design. Poonam Kumari: Material preparation, data collection, and analysis. Kumud Malika Tripathi: Formal analysis, editing manuscript. Ragini Gupta: Supervision, conceptualization, and editing. Kamlendra Awasthi: Conceptualization and supervision. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Kamlendra Awasthi.

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Kumari, P., Tripathi, K.M., Awasthi, K. et al. Sustainable carbon nano-onions as an adsorbent for the efficient removal of oxo-anions. Environ Sci Pollut Res 30, 15480–15489 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-22883-3

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