Abstract
The current research is concerned with the adsorption behavior of chromium (IV) ions in an aqueous solution using a novel ferrochrome slag/polyaniline nanocomposite (FeCr-PANI) adsorbent. The effect of process parameters such as temperature, pH solution, initial Cr (VI) ions concentration, adsorbent dosage, and contact time on the adsorption process is experimentally investigated in this study. Furthermore, we have trained a multilayer artificial neural network (ANN) using the experimental data of various process parameters to successfully predict the adsorption behavior of chromium (IV) ions onto the FeCr-PANI adsorbent. The ANN model was trained using the Lavenberg-Marquardt algorithm and ten neurons in the hidden layer and was able to estimate the % removal efficiency of chromium (IV) under the influence of different process parameters (R2 = 0.991). Initial solution pH was observed to have a significant influence on the % removal efficiency. The % removal efficiency was found to be high at 97.10% for the solution with pH 3 but decreased to 64.40% for the solution with pH 11. Cr (VI) % removal efficiency was observed to increase with an increase in solution temperature, adsorbent dosage, and contact time. However, the % removal efficiency was found to decrease from 96.9 to 54.8% with increasing the initial dye concentration from 100 to 400 ppm. Furthermore, the adsorption capacity increased from 9.69 to 21.93 mg/g with an increase in the initial concentration from 100 to 400 ppm, as expected. The Langmuir isotherm model exhibited the best fit with the experimental data (R2 = 0.9977). The maximum adsorption capacity was found to be 22.523 mg g−1 at 298 K. The experimental data fitted well with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model.
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Abbreviations
- FeCr-PANI:
-
Ferrochrome slag/polyaniline nanocomposite
- Cr (VI):
-
Hexavalent chromium
- Cr(III):
-
Trivalent chromium
- ANN:
-
Artificial neural network
- MSE:
-
Mean square error
- EPA:
-
Environmental Protection Agency
- TGA:
-
Thermogravimetric analysis
- q max :
-
Maximum adsorption capacity
- XRF:
-
X-ray fluorescence
- APS:
-
Ammonium persulfate
- HCl:
-
Hydrochloric acid
- NaOH:
-
Sodium hydroxide
- V:
-
Volume of solution
- C o :
-
Initial concentration
- C e :
-
Equilibrium concentration
- m :
-
Mass of adsorbent
- K L :
-
Langmuir constant
- T:
-
Absolute temperature
- R:
-
Universal gas constant
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The author gratefully acknowledges the research funding from the Deanship of Scientific Research at King Khalid University for funding this work through the research groups program under grant number R.G.P 2/108/43.
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All authors contributed to the study’s conception and design. Project funding and resources were managed by Mohammed Khaloufa Almesfer and Mohammed Ilyas Khan. Sampling, characterization, and data analysis were conducted by Mohammed Ilyas Khan, Ismat Hassan Ali, Abubakr Mustafa Elkhaleefa, and Abdelfattah Aamary. ANN modeling was performed by Mohammed Zubair Shamim. The FeCr sample was provided by Hamada Shoukry. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Mohammed Ilyas Khan and Mohmmad Rehan. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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Khan, M.I., Almesfer, M.K., Elkhaleefa, A.M. et al. Efficient adsorption of hexavalent chromium ions onto novel ferrochrome slag/polyaniline nanocomposite: ANN modeling, isotherms, kinetics, and thermodynamic studies. Environ Sci Pollut Res 29, 86665–86679 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-21778-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-21778-7