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B-doped SnO2 nanoparticles: a new insight into the photocatalytic hydrogen generation by water splitting and degradation of dyes

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Abstract

Boron-doped SnO2 (B:SnO2) has been synthesized via a facile wet chemical method to deal with increasing energy demand and environment-related issues. Powder XRD confirmed the rutile phase of the synthesized B:SnO2 nanoparticles. Energy dispersive X-ray analysis and elemental mapping confirmed 1% B doping into SnO2 lattice. A red shift was observed during the analysis of Raman and FTIR spectral data. The bands in FTIR and Raman spectra confirmed the in-plane and bridging oxygen vacancies in SnO2 lattice introduced due to B doping. These nanoparticles showed proficiency in photocatalytic hydrogen generation and degradation of crystal violet (CV) and rhodamine B (RhB) dyes. The degradation of CV and RhB dyes in the presence of B:SnO2 NPs and ethane-1,2-diaminetetracetic acid (EDTA) was found to be 83 and ~ 100%, respectively. To escalate the efficiency of dye degradation, the experiment was performed with different sacrificial agents (EDTA, methanol, and triethanolamine). The maximum hydrogen production rate (63.6184 µmol g−1 h−1) was observed for B:SnO2 along with Pd as co-catalyst, and methanol and EDTA solution as sacrificial agents.

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Acknowledgements

Author Sanjeev Kumar thanks CSIR (08/694(0004)/2018-EMR-I) for SRF fellowship. Author Bhawna also thanks UGC for Senior Research Fellowship. One of the authors (Jahangeer Ahmed) would like to extend his sincere appreciation to Researchers Supporting Project number (RSP-2021/391), King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The authors also show gratitude to USIC, DU (India) and SCNS, JNU (India) for instrumentation facilities.

Funding

This study was financed in part by the SERB (YSS/2015/001120) and UGC (No. F.30–109/2015) Govt. of India.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India

    Sanjeev Kumar &  Bhawna

  2. Department of Chemistry, Kirori Mal College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India

    Sanjeev Kumar

  3. Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, New Delhi, India

    Sanjeev Kumar Yadav

  4. Department of Chemistry, Sri Venkateswara College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India

    Akanksha Gupta

  5. Department of Chemistry, Gurukula Kangri (Deemed To University), Haridwar, India

    Ravinder Kumar, Monika Chaudhary &  Suhas

  6. Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia

    Jahangeer Ahmed

  7. Special Centre for Nano Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, Delhi, India

    Vinod Kumar

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  1. Sanjeev Kumar
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  2. Bhawna
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Contributions

SK: methodology, validation, formal analysis, investigation, resources, writing—original draft; B: methodology, validation, formal analysis, investigation, resources, writing—original draft; SKY: methodology, validation, formal analysis, investigation, resources, writing—original draft; AG: validation, formal analysis, investigation, writing—review and editing; RK: validation, formal analysis, investigation, writing—review and editing; JA: writing—review and editing; MC: writing—review and editing; S: visualization, validation, writing—review and editing; VK: conceptualization, methodology, validation, formal analysis, investigation, resources, writing—original draft, writing—review and editing, visualization, supervision. All authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Suhas or Vinod Kumar.

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Kumar, S., Bhawna, Yadav, S.K. et al. B-doped SnO2 nanoparticles: a new insight into the photocatalytic hydrogen generation by water splitting and degradation of dyes. Environ Sci Pollut Res 29, 47448–47461 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-18946-0

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