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Applying synchronous fluorescence and UV-vis spectra combined with two-dimensional correlation to characterize structural composition of DOM from urban black and stinky rivers

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Abstract

UV-visible spectroscopy and synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy (SFS) combined with two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (2D-COS) were applied for extracting fluorescence components, tracing organic functional groups, and revealing variations of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in Puhe River. Water samples were collected from the mainstream and two tributaries (Nanxiaohe River and Huangnihe River). DOM in three rivers was composed of protein-like fluorescent (PLF), microbial humus-like fluorescent (MHLF), fulvic-like fluorescent (FLF), and humic-like fluorescent components, which were relative to aromatic groups, phenolic groups, carboxylic groups, and microbial products. The PLF and MHLF were dominated in DOM fractions in the rivers, and the average content of the PLF was the highest in Nanxiaohe River. Humification degree of DOM was the highest in Puhe River, followed by Huangnihe River and Nanxiaohe River. However, molecular mass of DOM in Puhe River was the lowest, followed by Huangnihe River and Nanxiaohe River. Based on the 2D-COS of the SFS and UV-visible spectra, the variation order of DOM fractions in Puhe River was PLF → MHLF → FLF, and the PLF was consistent with the phenolic groups, aromatic groups, and carboxylic groups, but the adverse trend with the microbial products. The variation order in Nanxiaohe River was MHLF → PLF → FLF, and the MHLF was consistent with the aromatic groups, phenolic groups, carboxylic groups, and microbial products. The variation order in Huangnihe River was MHLF → PLF → FLF too, and the PLF was consistent with the carboxylic groups and aromatic groups. The results of the present study demonstrate that UV-visible spectroscopy and SFS combined with 2D-COS are useful methods to characterize structural composition of DOM from urban black and stinky rivers so as to investigate their pollution status.

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The datasets obtained and analyzed in the research can be available from the first author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgments

We would like to express our sincere thanks to the anonymous reviewers. Their insightful comments were helpful for improving the manuscript.

Funding

This work was financially supported by the National Major Program of Science and Technology for Water Pollution Control and Governance (fund number, 2018ZX07111-001, People’s Republic of China) and China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (fund number, 2013T60148).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China

    Dongping Liu, Huibin Yu, Hongjie Gao & Huijuan Feng

  2. College of Natural Resource and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, People’s Republic of China

    Guangcai Zhang

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  1. Dongping Liu
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  2. Huibin Yu
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  3. Hongjie Gao
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  4. Huijuan Feng
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Contributions

D.L. and H.Y. carried out the experiments, analyzed the data, and wrote the manuscript; H.G. and H.F. analyzed the data and modified the manuscript; H.Y. and G.Z. wrote the manuscript and improved the language of the manuscript. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Huibin Yu or Hongjie Gao.

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Liu, D., Yu, H., Gao, H. et al. Applying synchronous fluorescence and UV-vis spectra combined with two-dimensional correlation to characterize structural composition of DOM from urban black and stinky rivers. Environ Sci Pollut Res 28, 19400–19411 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-12168-y

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