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The role of information and communication technologies in mitigating carbon emissions: evidence from panel quantile regression

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Abstract

The objective of the study is to analyze the dynamic linkages between technology factors and carbon emission in a panel of 26 selected European countries from 2000 to 2017. The results of the panel fixed-effect regression model show the monotonic increasing function between agriculture technology and carbon emissions. In contrast, panel quantile regression confirmed the inverted U-shaped ‘Agriculture Technology Kuznets curve (ATKC)’ of carbon emissions at 30th quantile distribution to 80th quantile distribution with the turning points of 12,60,000 tractors to 9,68,000 tractors, respectively. The results further exhibit the negative relationship between high-technology exports and carbon emissions, as high-technology exports have a positive impact on environmental quality in order to reduce carbon emissions across countries. The relationship between ICT goods exports and carbon emissions is complimentary, while R&D expenditures have a negative relationship with carbon emissions in a given period. The study substantiates the ‘pollution haven hypothesis (PHH)’ that is controlled by trade liberalization policies. The telephone and mobile penetrations have a differential impact on carbon emissions in both of the prescribed statistical techniques, which needs fair economic policies in order to delimit carbon emissions through green ICT infrastructure. The results further exhibit the ‘material footprint’ that is visible at the earlier stages of economic development while it is substantially decreasing at the later stages to verify ‘environmental Kuznets curve (EKC)’ hypothesis with a turning point of US$45,700. Finally, the study shows the positive relationship between industry value-added and carbon emissions that sabotaged the process of green development across countries. The study concludes that green ICT infrastructure is imperative for sustainable production and consumption, and climate change protection with cleaner production techniques and environmental regulations that reshape the international policies towards sustained growth.

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Data availability

The data is freely available at World Development Indicators published by World Bank (2019) at https://databank.worldbank.org/source/world-development-indicators.

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Acknowledgments

Researchers Supporting Project number (RSP-2020/167), King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Public Administration, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an, 710000, China

    Muhammad Khalid Anser

  2. School of Economics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China

    Munir Ahmad

  3. Department of Economics, University of Haripur, Haripur, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

    Muhammad Azhar Khan & Khalid Zaman

  4. Department of Management, College of Business Administration, King Saud University, P.O. Box 71115, Riyadh, 11587, Saudi Arabia

    Abdelmohsen A. Nassani & Muhammad Moinuddin Qazi Abro

  5. Department of Statistics and Operations Research, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 11451, Riyadh, 11587, Saudi Arabia

    Sameh E. Askar

  6. Department of Management, Aleppo University, Aleppo, Syria

    Ahmad Kabbani

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Contributions

MKA: conceptualization, methodology, writing-reviewing and editing. MA: software, formal analysis. MAK: methodology, formal analysis. KZ: software, formal analysis, resources. AAN: supervision, resources, software. SEA: formal analysis, resources. MMQA: resources, visualization, formal analysis. AK: data curation, validation.

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Correspondence to Khalid Zaman.

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Anser, M.K., Ahmad, M., Khan, M.A. et al. The role of information and communication technologies in mitigating carbon emissions: evidence from panel quantile regression. Environ Sci Pollut Res 28, 21065–21084 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-12114-y

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