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Phytoremediation efficiency of Helianthus annuus L. for reclamation of heavy metals-contaminated industrial soil

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Abstract

Soil pollution is rapidly increasing due to industrialization and urbanization. Heavy metal pollution raised concern because of its possible impact on plants and humans. Helianthus annuus L. is a good hyperaccumulator plant, used for the removal of heavy metals because of its phytoremediation efficiency. In the present study, we cultivated H. annuus plants in industrial contaminated soil collected from various industries like plastic, paper, dye, and textile of different areas of Jaipur (Rajasthan), Kashipur, Jaspur, and Bajpur (Uttrakhand), India. Plantlets accumulated a different range of Pb, Cd, Zn, Cu, Fe, and As (0.62–158.29, 0.8–59.6, 0.81–166.5, 0.09–101.89, 2.06–53.25, and 0.002–2.55 mg kg−1, respectively) from the industrial soil samples. Heavy metal analysis was done using flame and graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The effects of heavy metals were analyzed by studying the morphological, biochemical, and antioxidant enzymatic analysis. The results revealed that industrial contaminated soil had a significant impeding effect on the plantlets of H. annuus as noticed by the reduction in growth parameters compared to the standard. Furthermore, one-way ANOVA and principal component analysis (PCA) were applied for statistical analysis and to determine the correlation between plant growth parameters, removed heavy metals, and biochemical. Thus, this study will be helpful for the decontamination of highly affected industrial soil.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to Prof. Aditya Shastri, Vice-Chancellor Banasthali Vidyapith, and Prof. Dipjyoti Chakraborty, Head of the Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith for their encouragement and support. We also acknowledge the Bioinformatics Center, Banasthali Vidyapith supported by DBT for providing computation support and DST for providing equipment (atomic absorption spectrophotometer) support through the FIST and CURIE programs. The authors also would like to thank Director, Head Seed Section, ICAR-IIOR, Hyderabad and Station In-Charge, Zonal Agricultural Research Station, MPKV, Solapur, Maharashtra for providing seeds for this research work.

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  1. Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith, Rajasthan, 304022, India

    Priti Chauhan & Jyoti Mathur

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  1. Priti Chauhan
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Chauhan, P., Mathur, J. Phytoremediation efficiency of Helianthus annuus L. for reclamation of heavy metals-contaminated industrial soil. Environ Sci Pollut Res 27, 29954–29966 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-09233-x

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