Abstract
This study examines the interaction between energy poverty, employment, education, per capita income, inflation, and economic development using panel data for seven South Asian countries. The present study uses panel data spanning the period from 1995 to 2017, panel cointegration, autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL), and penalized quantile regression (PQR) estimators to test for cointegration in the long-run. The estimated results reveal that both panel cointegration approaches (Pedroni and Johansen–Fisher) demonstrate the existence of the long-term relationship between energy poverty, employment, education, per capita income, inflation, and economic development. The ARDL estimates show that energy poverty has a negative influence on economic development in both the long-run and the short-run. The results provide support for economic, social, and environmental policymakers in their decision-making. This study suggests that, in relation to financing the green and low-carbon economy concept, both the public sector and private industries need to make further efforts to use modern, energy-efficient, and green technologies, which are beneficial both for economic progress as well as managing the ecological degradation process.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Acharya RH, Sadath AC (2019) Energy poverty and economic development: household-level evidence from India. J Energy Buildings 183:785–791
ADB ADB (2017) Asian development outlook 2017. Transcending the middle-income challenge. Asian Development Bank, Mandaluyong City, p 2017
Agba DZ, Adewara SO, Adama IJ, Adzer KT, Atoyebi G (2017): Analysis of the effects of climate change on crop output in Nigeria. 554–571
Ahmad F, Draz MU, Su L, Ozturk I, Rauf A, Ali SJS (2019) Impact of FDI inflows on poverty reduction in the ASEAN and SAARC economies. 11:2565
Andadari RK, Mulder P, Rietveld PJEP (2014) Energy poverty reduction by fuel switching. Impact evaluation of the LPG conversion program in Indonesia. 66:436–449
Barnes DF, Khandker SR, Samad HA (2011) Energy poverty in rural Bangladesh. 39:894–904
Bélaïd F, Youssef MJEP (2017) Environmental degradation, renewable and non-renewable electricity consumption, and economic growth: assessing the evidence from Algeria. 102:277–287
Boardman B (1991): Fuel poverty: from cold homes to affordable warmth. Pinter Pub Limited
Bouzarovski S, Petrova SJER, Science S (2015) A global perspective on domestic energy deprivation: overcoming the energy poverty–fuel poverty binary. 10:31–40
Burdekin RC, Goodwin T, Salamun S, Willett T (1994) The effects of inflation on economic growth in industrial and developing countries: is there a difference? 1:175–177
Burney NA (1995) Socioeconomic development and electricity consumption a cross-country analysis using the random coefficient method. Energy Econ 17:185–195
Canay I (2011) A simple approach to quantile regression for panel data. 14:368–386
Chandio AA, Jiang Y, Sahito JGM, Ahmad FJS (2019) Empirical Insights into the long-run linkage between households energy consumption and economic growth: macro-level empirical evidence from Pakistan. 11:6291
Choi I (2001) Unit root tests for panel data, vol 20, pp 249–272
Chowdhury A (2002) Does inflation affect economic growth? the relevance of the debate for Indonesia. 7:20–34
Day R, Walker G, Simcock N (2016) Conceptualising energy use and energy poverty using a capabilities framework. Energy Policy 93:255–264
Faria JR, Carneiro FG (2001) Does high inflation affect growth in the long and short run? 4:89–105
Foster V, Tre J-P, Wodon Q (2000): Energy prices, energy efficiency, and fuel poverty. Latin America and Caribbean regional studies programme. Washington, DC: World Bank
Ghali KH, El-Sakka MI (2004) Energy use and output growth in Canada: a multivariate cointegration analysis. Energy Econ 26:225–238
González-Eguino M (2015) Energy poverty: an overview. Renew Sust Energ Rev 47:377–385
Groh S (2014) The role of energy in development processes—The energy poverty penalty: case study of Arequipa (Peru). 18:83–99
Helm D (2008) Climate-change policy: why has so little been achieved? 24:211–238
Holtedahl P, Joutz FL (2004) Residential electricity demand in Taiwan. Energy Econ 26:201–224
IEA (2017) International Energy Outlook 2017. https://www.iea.org/reports/world-energy-outlook
Ifa A, Guetat I (2018) Does public expenditure on education promote Tunisian and Moroccan GDP per capita? ARDL approach. 4:234–246
Jones G, Schneider WJ (2006) Intelligence, human capital, and economic growth: a Bayesian averaging of classical estimates (BACE) approach. J Econ Growth 11:71–93
Kanagawa M, Nakata T (2008) Assessment of access to electricity and the socio-economic impacts in rural areas of developing countries. Energy Policy 36:2016–2029
Kao C, Chiang MH, Chen B (1999) International R&D spillovers: an application of estimation and inference in panel cointegration. 61:691–709
Kasidi F, Mwakanemela K (2013): Impact of inflation on economic growth: a case study of Tanzania
Kaygusuz K (2011) Energy services and energy poverty for sustainable rural development. Renew Sust Energ Rev 15:936–947
Khandker SR, Barnes DF, Samad HA (2012) Are the energy poor also income poor? Evidence from India. 47:1–12
Koenker R (2004) Quantile regression for longitudinal data. 91:74–89
Lacroix E, Chaton C (2015) Fuel poverty as a major determinant of perceived health: the case of France. 129:517–524
Lamarche C (2010) Robust penalized quantile regression estimation for panel data. 157:396–408
Legendre B, Ricci O (2015) Measuring fuel poverty in France: which households are the most fuel vulnerable? Energy Econ 49:620–628
Levin A, Lin C-F, Chu C-SJ (2002) Unit root tests in panel data: asymptotic and finite-sample properties. 108:1–24
Liu Y, Amin A, Rasool SF, Zaman QUJRM, Policy H (2020) The role of agriculture and foreign remittances in mitigating rural poverty: empirical evidence from Pakistan. 13:13
Luo J (2020): Countermeasure on control of environmental pollution caused by corn straw incineration 37
Maddala GS, Wu S (1999) A comparative study of unit root tests with panel data and a new simple test. 61:631–652
Malla S (2013) Household energy consumption patterns and its environmental implications: assessment of energy access and poverty in Nepal. 61:990–1002
Mazur A (2011) Does increasing energy or electricity consumption improve quality of life in industrial nations? Energy Policy 39:2568–2572
Mohseni M, Jouzaryan F (2016) Examining the effects of inflation and unemployment on economic growth in Iran (1996–2012). 36:381–389
Moorthy A, Buermann W, Rajagopal D (2012) The impact of climate change on crop yields in India from 1961 to 2010. 282:29–54
Mould R, Baker KJ (2017) Documenting fuel poverty from the householders’ perspective. Energy Res Soc Sci 31:21–31
Musibau HO, Yusuf AH, Gold KL (2019) Endogenous specification of foreign capital inflows, human capital development and economic growth: a study of pool mean group. Int J Soc Econ 46:454–472
Nasreen S, Anwar S, Ozturk IJR, Reviews SE (2017) Financial stability, energy consumption and environmental quality: evidence from south. Asian Econ 67:1105–1122
Niu S, Jia Y, Wang W, He R, Hu L, Liu Y (2013) Electricity consumption and human development level: a comparative analysis based on panel data for 50 countries. Int J Electr Power Energy Syst 53:338–347
Nussbaumer P, Bazilian M, Modi V (2012) Measuring energy poverty: focusing on what matters. Renew Sust Energ Rev 16:231–243
O’Sullivan KC, Howden-Chapman PL, Fougere G (2011) Making the connection: the relationship between fuel poverty, electricity disconnection, and prepayment metering. Energy Policy 39:733–741
Ogwumike FO, Ozughalu UM (2016) Analysis of energy poverty and its implications for sustainable development in Nigeria. Environ Dev Econ 21:273–290
Okushima S (2016) Measuring energy poverty in Japan, 2004–2013. Energy Policy 98:557–564
Oztunc H, Oo ZC, Serin ZV (2015) Effects of Female Education on Economic Growth: A Cross Country Empirical Study. 15:349–357
Ozturk IJEP (2017) The dynamic relationship between agricultural sustainability and food-energy-water poverty in a panel of selected sub-Saharan African countries. 107:289–299
Pachauri S, Spreng D (2004) Energy use and energy access in relation to poverty. Econ Polit Wkly:271–278
Pachauri S, Mueller A, Kemmler A, Spreng D (2004) On measuring energy poverty in Indian households. 32:2083–2104
Papada L, Kaliampakos D (2016) Measuring energy poverty in Greece. Energy Policy 94:157–165
Pedroni P (1999) Critical values for cointegration tests in heterogeneous panels with multiple regressors. 61:653–670
Pereira MG, Freitas MAV, da Silva NF (2010) Rural electrification and energy poverty: empirical evidences from Brazil. Renew Sust Energ Rev 14:1229–1240
Pereira MG, Freitas MAV, da Silva NF (2011) The challenge of energy poverty: Brazilian case study. 39:167–175
Pesaran MH (2007) A simple panel unit root test in the presence of cross-section dependence. 22:265–312
Pesaran MH, Shin Y (1998) An autoregressive distributed-lag modelling approach to cointegration analysis. Econ Soc Monogr 31:371–413
Poverty E (2010): How to make modern energy access universal. OECD/IEA (September 2010)
Rasool SF, Maqbool R, Samma M, Zhao Y, Anjum A (2019a) Positioning depression as a critical factor in creating a toxic workplace environment for diminishing worker productivity. Sustainability 11:2589
Rasool SF, Samma M, Wang M, Zhao Y, Zhang Y (2019b) How human resource management practices translate into sustainable organizational performance: the mediating role of product, process and knowledge innovation. Psychol Res Behav Manag 12:1009–1025
Rasool SF, Wang M, Zhang Y, Samma M (2020) Sustainable work performance: the roles of workplace violence and occupational stress. Int J Environ Res Public Health 17:912
Reddy VR, Uitto JI, Frans DR, Matin NJEp (2006): Achieving global environmental benefits through local development of clean energy? The case of small hilly hydel in India 34, 4069–4080
Rehman A, Deyuan Z (2018) Pakistan’s energy scenario: a forecast of commercial energy consumption and supply from different sources through 2030. 8:26
Reyes GE, Useche AJ (2019) Competitiveness, economic growth and human development in Latin American and Caribbean countries 2006-2015: a performance and correlation analysis. Competitiveness Rev 29:139–159
Sadath AC, Acharya RH (2017) Assessing the extent and intensity of energy poverty using Multidimensional Energy Poverty Index: Empirical evidence from households in India. 102:540–550
Sagar AD (2005) Alleviating energy poverty for the world's poor. 33:1367–1372
Santamouris M, Alevizos S, Aslanoglou L, Mantzios D, Milonas P, Sarelli I, Karatasou S, Cartalis K, Paravantis JA (2014) Freezing the poor—Indoor environmental quality in low and very low income households during the winter period in Athens. 70:61–70
Sarwar S, Chen W, Waheed R (2017) Electricity consumption, oil price and economic growth: global perspective. Renew Sust Energ Rev 76:9–18
Scarpellini S, Rivera-Torres P, Suárez-Perales I, Aranda-Usón A (2015) Analysis of energy poverty intensity from the perspective of the regional administration: empirical evidence from households in southern Europe. Energy Policy 86:729–738
Sen A 2000: Development as freedom
Sher F, Abbas A, Awan RU (2014) An investigation of multidimensional energy poverty in Pakistan: a province level analysis. Int J Energy Econ Policy 4:65–75
Solow RM (1956) A contribution to the theory of economic growth. Q J Econ 70:65–94
Sovacool BK (2013) Confronting energy poverty behind the bamboo curtain: a review of challenges and solutions for Myanmar (Burma). 17:305–314
Spagnoletti B, O’Callaghan T (2013) Let there be light: a multi-actor approach to alleviating energy poverty in Asia. 63:738–746
Stern N, Stern NH (2007) The economics of climate change: the Stern review. Cambridge University press
Sulaiman C, Abdul-Rahim A (2018) Population growth and CO2 emission in Nigeria: a recursive ARDL approach. SAGE Open 8:2158244018765916
Tvaronavičienė M, Tarkhanova E, Durglishvili N (2018) Sustainable economic growth and innovative development of educational systems. J Int Stud 11:248–256
Ürge-Vorsatz D, Herrero ST (2012) Building synergies between climate change mitigation and energy poverty alleviation. Energy Policy 49:83–90
Urpelainen JJRE (2016) Energy poverty and perceptions of solar power in marginalized communities: survey evidence from Uttar Pradesh, India. 85:534–539
World Bank. 2018. The World Bank Annual Report 2018 (English). Washington, DC: World Bank Group. http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/630671538158537244/The-World-Bank-Annual-Report-2018
Wu L, Wei L, Hui C (2011) Dispositional antecedents and consequences of workplace ostracism: an empirical examination. Front Business Res China 5:23–44
Yazdi SK, Khanalizadeh B (2014): The financial development and agriculture growth in Iran: ARDL approach, proceedings of the 5th international conference on development, energy, environment, economics „recent advances in energy, environment and financial planning, pp. 335-342
Zahnd A, Kimber HM (2009) Benefits from a renewable energy village electrification system. Renew Energy 34:362–368
Zaman Q, Zaman S, Hussain M, Amin A, Faiz Rasool S (2019) Situational analysis of public sector schools in rural areas of Southern Punjab, Pakistan. 8:42–54
Zhang D, Li J, Han P (2019) A multidimensional measure of energy poverty in China and its impacts on health: an empirical study based on the China family panel studies. Energy Policy 131:72–81
Zinzi M, Carnielo E (2017) Impact of urban temperatures on energy performance and thermal comfort in residential buildings. The case of Rome, Italy. 157:20–29
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Additional information
Responsible editor: Nicholas Apergis
Publisher’s note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Amin, A., Liu, Y., Yu, J. et al. How does energy poverty affect economic development? A panel data analysis of South Asian countries. Environ Sci Pollut Res 27, 31623–31635 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-09173-6
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-09173-6