Abstract
Heavy metals induce stress in plants, thereby affecting growth, crop quality, and food security. Most studies addressing the mitigation of these effects by soil amendment have focused on metals in soils and plant uptake, with there still being a great deal of uncertainty about how amendment application in polluted soils can modify plant stress response and, consequently, yield and food safety. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of biosolid compost amendment on stress response, growth, and lead accumulation in Glycine max, when applied to lead polluted agricultural soils. Soybean was grown in lead polluted soils with 0%, 5%, or 10% (w/w) biosolid compost amendment under controlled conditions in a greenhouse, and the stress response indicators chlorophylls, proteins, sugars, malondialdehyde, glutathione S-transferase activity, carotenes, and the ferric reducing antioxidant power were investigated. In addition, the biomass and lead accumulation in different organs were determined and evaluated with respect to the plant stress. Our results revealed that the addition of 10% biosolid compost improved the grain biomass and appeared to reduce the amount of defective grains, which was related to higher Pb concentrations. Furthermore, 10% compost treatment reduced the stress in plants, leading to a better performance of the photosynthetic system, and with the antioxidant response being positively correlated to Pb accumulation. Lead uptake in plants was decreased by between 35 and 57% after this treatment in comparison with unamended soils. These results indicate that biosolid compost amendment may be an effective way to alleviate Pb uptake and metal stress in soybeans.
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Acknowledgments
We would especially like to thank to Dr. Mazzarino and her group of the National University of Comahue (CRUB) for providing the compost. Special thanks are also due to Dr. Kowaljow regarding compost advice; to the landowners of the soil collection (M.R. Pavani, and S. Herrera); and to Dr. Paul Hobson, native speaker, for language revision.
Funding
This work was partially supported by the Secretaría de Ciencia y Técnica de la Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, UNC, (30820150100435CB), Agencia Nacional de promoción Científica y Tecnológica - Fondo para la Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (PICT 2013-0988), and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (11220120100402CO). The authors Dr. Ferreyroa and Dr. Vergara Cid were funded by CONICET through scholarships.
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Vergara Cid, C., Ferreyroa, G.V., Pignata, M.L. et al. Biosolid compost with wood shavings and yard trimmings alleviates stress and improves grain quality in soybean grown in lead polluted soils. Environ Sci Pollut Res 27, 27786–27795 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-09135-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-09135-y