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Magnetic nanoadsorbents’ potential route for heavy metals removal—a review

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Abstract

Due to the rapid growth in the heavy metal-based industries, their effluent and local dumping have created significant environmental issues. In the past, typically, removal of heavy metals was handled by reverse osmosis and ion exchange techniques, but these methods have many disadvantages. Therefore, extensive work into the development of improved techniques has increased, especially for heavy metal removal. Many countries are currently researching new materials and techniques based on nanotechnology for various applications that involve extracting heavy metals from different water sources such as wastewater, groundwater, drinking water and surface water. Nanotechnology provides the possibility of enhancing existing techniques to tackle problems more efficiently. The development in nanotechnology has led to the discovery of many new materials such as magnetic nanoparticles. These nanoparticles demonstrate excellent properties such as surface-volume ratio, higher surface area, low toxicity and easy separation. Besides, magnetic nanoparticles can be easily and efficiently recovered after adsorption compared with other typical adsorbents. This review mainly emphasises on the efficiency of heavy metal removal using magnetic nanoadsorbent from aqueous solution. In addition, an in-depth analysis of the synthesis, characterisation and modification approaches of magnetic nanoparticles is systematically presented. Furthermore, future opportunities and challenges of using magnetic particles as an adsorbent for the removal of heavy metals are also discussed.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Science, Curtin University, 98009, Miri, Sarawak, Malaysia

    Fahad Saleem Ahmed Khan & Nabisab Mujawar Mubarak

  2. Graphene & Advanced 2D Materials Research Group (GAMRG), School of Science and Technology, Sunway University, No. 5, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Sunway, 47500, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia

    Mohammad Khalid

  3. Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Malaysia, Jalan Sunsuria, Bandar Sunsuria, 43900, Sepang, Selangor, Malaysia

    Rashmi Walvekar

  4. Department of Chemical Process Engineering, Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology (MJIIT), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, 54100, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    Ezzat Chan Abdullah

  5. Department of Chemical Engineering, Dawood University of Engineering and Technology, Karachi, Pakistan

    Shaukat A. Mazari

  6. School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia

    Sabzoi Nizamuddin

  7. Petroleum, and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Brunei, Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei Darussalam

    Rama Rao Karri

Authors
  1. Fahad Saleem Ahmed Khan
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  2. Nabisab Mujawar Mubarak
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  3. Mohammad Khalid
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  4. Rashmi Walvekar
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  5. Ezzat Chan Abdullah
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  6. Shaukat A. Mazari
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  7. Sabzoi Nizamuddin
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  8. Rama Rao Karri
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Nabisab Mujawar Mubarak.

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Khan, F.S.A., Mubarak, N.M., Khalid, M. et al. Magnetic nanoadsorbents’ potential route for heavy metals removal—a review. Environ Sci Pollut Res 27, 24342–24356 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-08711-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-08711-6

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