Abstract
After political sovereignty, Uzbekistan’s industry is growing fast. However, no investigation was performed so far, to evaluate whether an environmental risk, associated with the industry, is also increasing. Our aim was to investigate whether the distance from factories, as a surrogate measurement for environmental exposure to community, has any influence on some health outcomes in communities of Uzbekistan. For this first investigation, we analyzed prevalence of congenital diseases, infant mortality, and incidence rates of lung cancer, as examples for diseases associated with environmental factors. As crude measurement for the association, we used correlation and regression analysis with the distance to the next factory or plant as explanatory variable. A regression analysis demonstrated an association between the three outcome variables, with the strongest negative correlation (r = − 0.48) and the highest determination power (r2 = 0.23) for congenital diseases’ prevalence. For infant mortality and lung cancer incidence, descriptions and analyses demonstrated lower negative correlation of them with the distance and a lower predictive power of linear models. So, closer distance of the community to specific industrial plants can be considered an indirect factor of higher prevalence of congenital diseases in those communities. Prospective research is needed to further investigate whether the association between birth defects in a neighborhood of industrial plants is causal or due to confounding factors. A policy should consider a degree of known factors distribution in an environment and perform effective prevention of congenital diseases, in close communities.
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The authors say thanks to Professor D.A. Asadov for supporting an idea of this study.
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TA was the author of the idea, and he collected primary data and performed the statistical analysis. He also prepared the draft version of the manuscript and is the corresponding author.
MB, as a specialist in biostatistics and epidemiology, contributed to the study’s design and the statistical analysis. She also has edited the final version of the manuscript.
IG, as a specialist in medical data, has taken part in planning the study and in collecting data from medical databases. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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Aripov, T., Blettner, M. & Gorbunova, I. The impact of neighborhood to industrial areas on health in Uzbekistan: an ecological analysis of congenital diseases, infant mortality, and lung cancer. Environ Sci Pollut Res 27, 17243–17249 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-08190-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-08190-9