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Highly effective removal of Pb2+ in aqueous solution by Na-X zeolite derived from coal gangue

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Abstract

The present study aimed to synthesize Na-X zeolite from coal gangue powder (CGP) via the alkali fusion hydrothermal method. The optimal synthetic conditions were investigated, the mass ratio of CGP/NaOH(s) was 1:1.25, and crystallization reaction time was 12 h. X-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy energy-dispersive X-ray spectrum, and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer techniques were used to test the properties of resultant zeolite product, which was highly identical to that of commercial zeolite. The efficiencies of the synthetic zeolite for Pb2+ adsorption were analyzed on factors including solution pH, adsorbent dosage, temperature, and contact time. Compared with the pseudo-first-order, Elovich, Freundlich, and Temkin models, the pseudo-second-order and Langmuir models were fitted more satisfactorily with the dynamic data and adsorption equilibrium data, respectively. The maximum Pb2+ adsorption capacity of synthetic zeolite (457 mg/g) could be reached when the pH, contact time, temperature, and initial Pb2+ concentration was 6, 40 min, 45 °C, and 200 mg/L. The adsorption capacity was higher than many of the natural and synthetic zeolites reported in previous literature.

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Abbreviations

CGP:

Coal gangue powder

XRF:

X-ray fluorescence

XRD:

X-ray diffraction

SEM:

Scanning electron microscopy

EDS:

Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy

FTIR:

Fourier transform infrared

FAAS:

Flame atomic adsorption spectrophotometer

LOI:

Loss on ignition

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Funding

This work was financially supported by the Basic Research Program of Shanxi Province, China (No.201801D121267).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China

    Qilong Ge, Muhammad Moeen, Qi Tian, Jianjie Xu & Kaiqing Feng

  2. Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan College, Taiyuan, 030032, China

    Qilong Ge

  3. College of Civil Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China

    Qi Tian

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  1. Qilong Ge
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  2. Muhammad Moeen
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  3. Qi Tian
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  4. Jianjie Xu
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  5. Kaiqing Feng
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Correspondence to Qi Tian.

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Ge, Q., Moeen, M., Tian, Q. et al. Highly effective removal of Pb2+ in aqueous solution by Na-X zeolite derived from coal gangue. Environ Sci Pollut Res 27, 7398–7408 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-07412-z

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