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Nonrenewable energy—environmental and health effects on human capital: empirical evidence from Pakistan

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Abstract

This research work reconnoiters the impact of nonrenewable energy (NRE) consumptions, environmental pollution, and mortality rate on human capital in the presence of economic growth and two common diseases, measles and tuberculosis (TB) in Pakistan. The study uses data from 1995 to 2017 and employs the Autoregressive Distributive Lag (ARDL) model to investigate cointegration and long-run dynamics. Results indicate that nonrenewable energy (oil, coal, and gas) increase air pollution, measles, TB cases, and mortality rate, which affect the human capital in Pakistan. The results of the ARDL confirm the long-run and short-run effects of fossils fuels, air pollution, and diseases on human capital. The results of the Granger Causality confirm the feedback hypothesis between nonrenewable consumption and human capital, between air pollution and human capital. Measles and TB diseases Granger cause human capital. The study recommends some essential points for energy management, environmental management, and diseases control programs to uplift the human capital in Pakistan.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Management and Economics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China

    Muhammad Mansoor Asghar, Zhaohua Wang, Bo Wang & Syed Anees Haider Zaidi

  2. Center for Energy and Environmental Policy Research, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China

    Zhaohua Wang & Bo Wang

  3. Collaborative Innovation Center of Electric Vehicles in Beijing, Beijing, 100081, China

    Zhaohua Wang

  4. Beijing Key Lab of Energy Economics and Environmental Management, Beijing, 100081, China

    Zhaohua Wang

  5. Sustainable Development Research Institute for Economy and Society of Beijing, Beijing, 100081, China

    Zhaohua Wang

  6. COMSATS University Islamabad, Sahiwal Campus, Islamabad, Pakistan

    Syed Anees Haider Zaidi

Authors
  1. Muhammad Mansoor Asghar
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  2. Zhaohua Wang
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  3. Bo Wang
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  4. Syed Anees Haider Zaidi
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Correspondence to Syed Anees Haider Zaidi.

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Responsible editor: Muhammad Shahbaz

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Asghar, M.M., Wang, Z., Wang, B. et al. Nonrenewable energy—environmental and health effects on human capital: empirical evidence from Pakistan. Environ Sci Pollut Res 27, 2630–2646 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-06686-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-06686-7

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