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Tolerance of native and invasive bivalves under herbicide and metal contamination: an ex vivo approach

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Abstract

The literature indicates that exotic species have a greater tolerance to environmental stressors compared with native species. In recent decades, the introduction of contaminants into the environment has increased as a result of industrialization. The objective of this study was to verify the resistance of bivalve mollusks from freshwater native (Anodontites trapesialis) and exotic (Limnoperna fortunei) species to chemical contamination using an ex vivo/in vitro approach. Gill and muscle tissues were exposed to two different types of environmental stressors, copper (metal), and Roundup Transorb® (herbicide). The tissues were submitted to a cytotoxicity test in which the lysosomal integrity was assessed, from the adaptation of a method to isolated cells, and multixenobiotic resistance (MXR) test which evaluated cellular defense. In the exotic species, only copper at 9000 μg/L and Roundup Transorb® at 5000 μg/L were cytotoxic. In the native species, copper cytotoxicity at 900 and 9000 μg/L and Roundup Transorb® at 50 and 5000 μg/L were observed. Results were the same in both tissues. The MXR, responsible for the extrusion of contaminants (cell defense), was inhibited in both species when exposed to the contaminants, this cell defense system seems to be more inhibited in the native species, when exposed to both pollutants, indicating greater sensitivity. Therefore, cytotoxicity may be related to the lack of capacity of cellular defense. In relation to lysosomal integrity, the native species was more sensitive to cytotoxic pollutants, where a greater number of experimental conditions of metals and herbicide showed cytotoxicity, as well as more experimental situations inhibited its ability to defend itself.

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Author notes

  1. Marta Marques Souza

    Present address: Instituto Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande – FURG, Rio Grande/RS, Brazil

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Postgraduate Program in Biology of Continental Aquatic Environments, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande – FURG, Rio Grande/RS, Brazil

    Yasmin El Haj & Marta Marques Souza

  2. Biological Science Graduation, Instituto Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande – FURG, Rio Grande/RS, Brazil

    Sofia Bohn

Authors
  1. Yasmin El Haj
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  2. Sofia Bohn
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Correspondence to Marta Marques Souza.

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El Haj, Y., Bohn, S. & Souza, M.M. Tolerance of native and invasive bivalves under herbicide and metal contamination: an ex vivo approach. Environ Sci Pollut Res 26, 31198–31206 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-06256-x

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