Abstract
Energy innovations are critical to combating global warming and climate change. In this context, we focus on the impact of energy research–development (R&D) expenditures, which are the input of energy innovations, on CO2 emissions. For this purpose, we investigate the effect of disaggregated energy R&D expenditures on CO2 emission in 19 high-income OECD countries over the period 2003–2015. The dynamic panel data method is followed for empirical analysis. The results of the study show that R&D expenditures for energy efficiency and fossil energy have an increasing effect on CO2 emissions. Contrary to expectations, there is no significant relationship between renewable energy R&D expenditures and CO2 emissions. Remarkably, there is strong evidence that the power and storage R&D expenditures have a reducing effect on CO2 emissions. In light of the empirical findings, policy implications and recommendations to potential readers and authorities are further discussed.
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Appendix: List of countries and descriptive statistics
Appendix: List of countries and descriptive statistics
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Koçak, E., Ulucak, Z.Ş. The effect of energy R&D expenditures on CO2 emission reduction: estimation of the STIRPAT model for OECD countries. Environ Sci Pollut Res 26, 14328–14338 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-04712-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-04712-2