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Orchard management under the effects of climate change: implications for apple, plum, and almond growing

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Abstract

The authors analyzed certain species and varieties of fruit tree in which applied crop technology is used and also undergoes the effects of climate change. The aim is to extend productive crop varieties, resistant to disease and pests, in order to obtain superior yields. The research was conducted in orchards located in northwestern Romania (on 8.59 ha), intensively cultivated with apple, plum, and almond species. The blooming period of the species and fruit production was studied in 2009, the first year of the farm’s commercial production, and then compared to figures from 2016 to see the changes that occurred. Climatic conditions were studied throughout the period of existence of the farm (2002–2016). To determine the influence of the climatic factor on the blooming and production periods, respectively, every year is considered having pre-blooming, blooming, and ripening periods. It was found that climate change influences the annual biological cycle of the trees: the vegetative rest period of the trees shortens, the tree vegetation begins earlier in the spring, and the blooming period is advanced by as much as 10 days compared to normal cultivated varieties. All these factors have direct repercussions on the quantity of production.

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Acknowledgements

This study is a collaborative effort by the Laboratories from University of Oradea, Romania and the Chrono-Environment Laboratory, CNRS 6249 (National Center for Scientific Research) Besançon, France. We express our appreciation to the editor, Dr. Philippe Garrigues, and to the anonymous reviewers for helping to improve our paper.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Agriculture, Horticulture, Faculty of Environmental Protection, University of Oradea, 26 Gen. Gh. Magheru Blvd., 410048, Oradea, Romania

    Manuel Alexandru Gitea

  2. Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 29 Nicolae Jiga St., 410028, Oradea, Romania

    Daniela Gitea, Delia Mirela Tit, Lavinia Purza & Simona Bungău

  3. Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Oradea, 1 Universitatii St., 410087, Oradea, Romania

    Alina Dora Samuel

  4. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Oradea, 1 Universitatii St., 410087, Oradea, Romania

    Gabriela Elena Badea

  5. Laboratoire Chrono-Environnement, UMR CNRS 6249, Université de Franche-Comté, F-25030, Besançon, France

    Lotfi Aleya

Authors
  1. Manuel Alexandru Gitea
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  2. Daniela Gitea
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  3. Delia Mirela Tit
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  4. Lavinia Purza
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  5. Alina Dora Samuel
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  6. Simona Bungău
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  7. Gabriela Elena Badea
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  8. Lotfi Aleya
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Correspondence to Lotfi Aleya.

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Responsible editor: Philippe Garrigues

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Gitea, M.A., Gitea, D., Tit, D.M. et al. Orchard management under the effects of climate change: implications for apple, plum, and almond growing. Environ Sci Pollut Res 26, 9908–9915 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-04214-1

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