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Application of blueberry anthocyanins reduces perfluorooctane sulfonate toxicity on planarians (Dugesia japonica) in locomotion, regeneration, and gene expression and contents

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Abstract

Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) which has been distributed worldwide is a persistent organic contaminant. Blueberry anthocyanins (ANT) are phytonutrients with antioxidant activities. The influence of different PFOS and ANT concentrations on the behavioral activities, regeneration of planarians (Dugesia japonica), and the expression levels and contents of Djnad6 and Djcox1 genes has been investigated. PFOS treatments affected the gene expression levels, induced a decrease in the planarians’ locomotor velocity, and increased the time required for the regeneration of the transverse amputated fragments in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Additionally, ANT treatments, to a certain extent, alleviated the damage caused by PFOS to planarians. ANT increased the planarians’ locomotor velocity and the percentage of regenerating planarians with eyespots and auricles. Furthermore, ANT alleviated the expression disorders of Djnad6 and Djcox1 induced by PFOS.

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Funding

This study was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant number 31100377 and 41201518), Project of Shandong Province Higher Educational Science and Technology Program (grant number J16LE02), and a SDUT & Zibo City Integration Development Project (grant number 2017ZBXC053).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Life Sciences, Shandong University of Technology, No. 266 Xincun West Road, Zibo, 255000, Shandong, China

    Baoying Zhao, Xinxin Shao, Bosheng Zhao, Zuoqing Yuan & Jianyong Zhang

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  1. Baoying Zhao
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  2. Xinxin Shao
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  3. Bosheng Zhao
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  4. Zuoqing Yuan
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  5. Jianyong Zhang
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Correspondence to Zuoqing Yuan.

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Responsible editor: Philippe Garrigues

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Zhao, B., Shao, X., Zhao, B. et al. Application of blueberry anthocyanins reduces perfluorooctane sulfonate toxicity on planarians (Dugesia japonica) in locomotion, regeneration, and gene expression and contents. Environ Sci Pollut Res 25, 22095–22105 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-2127-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-2127-7

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