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Source apportionment of nitrogen and phosphorus from non-point source pollution in Nansi Lake Basin, China

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Abstract

Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) from non-point source (NPS) pollution in Nansi Lake Basin greatly influenced the water quality of Nansi Lake, which is the determinant factor for the success of East Route of South-North Water Transfer Project in China. This research improved Johnes export coefficient model (ECM) by developing a method to determine the export coefficients of different land use types based on the hydrological and water quality data. Taking NPS total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) as the study objects, this study estimated the contributions of different pollution sources and analyzed their spatial distributions based on the improved ECM. The results underlined that the method for obtaining output coefficients of land use types using hydrology and water quality data is feasible and accurate, and is suitable for the study of NPS pollution at large-scale basins. The average output structure of NPS TN from land use, rural breeding and rural life is 33.6, 25.9, and 40.5%, and the NPS TP is 31.6, 43.7, and 24.7%, respectively. Especially, dry land was the main land use source for both NPS TN and TP pollution, with the contributed proportions of 81.3 and 81.8% respectively. The counties of Zaozhuang, Tengzhou, Caoxian, Yuncheng, and Shanxian had higher contribution rates and the counties of Dingtao, Juancheng, and Caoxian had the higher load intensities for both NPS TN and TP pollution. The results of this study allowed for an improvement in the understanding of the pollution source contribution and enabled researchers and planners to focus on the most important sources and regions of NPS pollution.

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Acknowledgments

The authors wish to gratefully acknowledge Environmental Science and Pollution Research, as well as the anonymous reviewers who helped to improve this paper through their thorough review.

Funding

This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41401663), Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation, China (No.ZR2016EEM18), and the Excellent Young Scholars Research Fund of Shandong Normal University.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, No. 88 Cultural East Road, Jinan District, 250014, Shandong, People’s Republic of China

    Bao-lei Zhang, Bo-hao Cui, Quan-yuan Wu & Lei Yao

  2. Institute of Regional Economic Research, Shandong University of Finance and Economics, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, People’s Republic of China

    Shu-min Zhang

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  1. Bao-lei Zhang
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  2. Bo-hao Cui
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Zhang, Bl., Cui, Bh., Zhang, Sm. et al. Source apportionment of nitrogen and phosphorus from non-point source pollution in Nansi Lake Basin, China. Environ Sci Pollut Res 25, 19101–19113 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-1956-8

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