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Evaluation of pelvic inflammatory disease potential in cholinesterase inhibitor pesticide-exposed females

  • Environmental Pollution: Problems and Solutions
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Abstract

Cholinesterase inhibitor pesticides, mainly organophosphates and carbamates, are commonly used in Egypt. Chronic exposure of males and females working in agriculture is expected. The study aimed to relate exposure to cholinesterase inhibitor pesticides to the development of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). This is a case-control study that was conducted among 84 females. Seventy patients complained of pelvic inflammatory disease visited the outpatient Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinic. Fourteen females were not suffering from PID and were chosen as a control group. Red blood cells’ cholinesterase activity was measured in blood. Cervical swaps were collected, and cultures were submitted for microbiological examination. The results showed that cholinesterase activities were significantly depressed in exposed females (6.36 ± 0.8 μmoles/min/ml red cells) when compared to non-exposed (7.5 ± 1.2 μmoles/min/ml red cells), and both were significantly depressed when compared with healthy females (9.17 ± 0.7 μmoles/min/ml red cells). The correlation coefficient (r) between previous exposure and the laboratory confirmed cervical infection was 0.31, with a P value of 0.009. The study concluded that exposure to cholinesterase inhibitor pesticides could increase the occurrence of pelvic inflammatory disease.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department Forensic Medicine & Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt

    Eman I. Draz

  2. Department Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt

    Azza M. Hassan & Haidy S. Khalil

  3. Department Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt

    Mohamed A. Elomary

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  1. Eman I. Draz
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  2. Azza M. Hassan
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  3. Haidy S. Khalil
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  4. Mohamed A. Elomary
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Correspondence to Eman I. Draz.

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Draz, E.I., Hassan, A.M., Khalil, H.S. et al. Evaluation of pelvic inflammatory disease potential in cholinesterase inhibitor pesticide-exposed females. Environ Sci Pollut Res 25, 30818–30825 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-9073-7

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