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Selective adsorption of Pb (II) over the zinc-based MOFs in aqueous solution-kinetics, isotherms, and the ion exchange mechanism

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Abstract

Two series of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) with similar formula units but different central metal ions (M) or organic linkers (L), M-BDC (BDC = terephthalate, M = Zn, Zr, Cr, or Fe), or Zn-L (L = imidazolate-2-methyl, BDC, BDC-NH2), were prepared and employed as the receptors for adsorption lead ions. It was found that the Zn-BDC exhibited a much higher adsorption capacity than the other M-BDC series with various metal ions which have very closely low capacities at same conditions. Furthermore, the Zn-L (L = imidazolate-2-methyl, BDC, BDC-NH2) still have highly efficient adsorption capacity of lead ions, although the adsorption capacity varies with different ligand, as well as the adsorption rate and the equilibrium pH of the solution. This significant high adsorption over Zn-L, different from other M-BDC series with various metal ions (Zr, Cr, or Fe), can be explained by ion exchange between the central metal ions of Zn-L and lead ion in solution. Based on the analysis of FT-IR, X-ray diffraction pattern, the nitrogen adsorption isotherms, the zeta potentials, and the results, a plausible adsorption mechanism is proposed. When equivalent Zn-L were added to equal volume of aqueous solution with different concentration of lead ion, the content of zinc ion in the solution increases with the increase of the initial concentration of lead ions. The new findings could provide a potential way to fabricate new metal organic frameworks with high and selective capacities of the heavy metal ions.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 50878138).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China

    Lei Wang & Xinhua Zhao

  2. School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin, 300384, China

    Lei Wang, Jinmiao Zhang & Zhenhu Xiong

Authors
  1. Lei Wang
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  2. Xinhua Zhao
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  3. Jinmiao Zhang
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  4. Zhenhu Xiong
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Zhenhu Xiong.

Additional information

Responsible editor: Philippe Garrigues

Highlights

• Six kinds of MOFs (ZIF-8, MOF-5, IRMOF-3, UiO-66, MIL-101 (Cr), and MIL-53 (Fe)) are tested in the adsorption of Pb (II) in aqueous solution.

• Zinc-based MOFs, especially ZIF-8, show high selectivity in the adsorption of Pb (II).

• Kinetics and isotherms of Pb (II) adsorption over ZIF-8 are determined.

• The adsorption behavior of Pb (II) over MOFs is significantly affected by the pH of solution.

• The adsorption mechanism can be explained by ion exchange effect between Pb (II) and Zn (II) of the zinc-based MOFs.

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Wang, L., Zhao, X., Zhang, J. et al. Selective adsorption of Pb (II) over the zinc-based MOFs in aqueous solution-kinetics, isotherms, and the ion exchange mechanism. Environ Sci Pollut Res 24, 14198–14206 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-9002-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-9002-9

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