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Comparison of bioaccumulation and elimination of Escherichia coli and male-specific bacteriophages by ascidians and bivalves

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Abstract

Levels of Escherichia coli and male-specific bacteriophages (MSBs) were determined in the filter feeders obtained from retail markets, commercial farms, and wild beds in Korea. The accumulation and elimination of E. coli and MSBs were compared between ascidians and bivalves (oysters and mussels) during relaying and depuration. E. coli concentrations in ascidians from retail markets ranged between < 20 and 460 most probable number/100 g while MSBs were not detected. E. coli levels in bivalves from commercial farms and wild beds were not significantly different but bacterial levels in ascidians were consistently lower. Ascidians exhibited much lower ability than bivalves to accumulate E. coli and MSBs during relaying in a polluted coastal area. This study also shows that an equilibrium was developed between levels of microbes in water and ascidians and shellfish during relaying. E. coli and MSBs in ascidians decreased quickly during depuration in a clean seawater tank. However, after 1 day, E. coli in bivalves decreased by only 1.1–1.6 logs, and the elimination of MSBs was negligible. Therefore, depuration is an effective means to reduce the health risk of contaminated ascidians.

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Funding

This work was supported by a grant from the National Institute of Fisheries Science in Korea (R2017057).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Food Safety and Processing Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan, 46083, Republic of Korea

    Ji Hoe Kim, Kil Bo Shim, Kunbawui Park, Eun Gyoung Oh & Jong Soo Mok

  2. South Sea Fisheries Research Institute, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Yeosu, 59780, Republic of Korea

    Soon Beum Shin & Hee Jung Lee

  3. West Sea Fisheries Research Institute, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Incheon, 22383, Republic of Korea

    Kwang Tae Son

  4. Southeast Sea Fisheries Research Institute, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Tongyeong, 53085, Republic of Korea

    Hongsik Yu

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  1. Ji Hoe Kim
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Correspondence to Jong Soo Mok.

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Responsible editor: Philippe Garrigues

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Kim, J.H., Shim, K.B., Shin, S.B. et al. Comparison of bioaccumulation and elimination of Escherichia coli and male-specific bacteriophages by ascidians and bivalves. Environ Sci Pollut Res 24, 28268–28276 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-0736-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-0736-1

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