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Drought-tolerant Streptomyces pactum Act12 assist phytoremediation of cadmium-contaminated soil by Amaranthus hypochondriacus: great potential application in arid/semi-arid areas

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Abstract

Microbe-assisted phytoremediation provides an effective approach to clean up heavy metal-contaminated soils. However, severe drought may affect the function of microbes in arid/semi-arid areas. Streptomyces pactum Act12 is a drought-tolerant soil actinomycete strain isolated from an extreme environment on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, China. In this study, pot experiments were conducted to assess the effect of Act12 on Cd tolerance, uptake, and accumulation in amaranth (Amaranthus hypochondriacus) under water deficit. Inoculated plants had higher Cd concentrations (root 8.7–33.9 %; shoot 53.2–102.1 %) and uptake (root 19.9–95.3 %; shoot 110.6–170.1 %) than non-inoculated controls in Cd-treated soil. The translocation factor of Cd from roots to shoots was increased by 14.2–75 % in inoculated plants, while the bioconcentration factor of Cd in roots and shoots was increased by 10.2–64.4 and 53.9–114.8 %, respectively. Moreover, inoculation with Act12 increased plant height, root length, and shoot biomass of amaranth in Cd-treated soil compared to non-inoculated controls. Physiochemical analysis revealed that Act12 enhanced Cd tolerance in the plants by increasing glutathione, elevating superoxide dismutase and catalase activities, as well as reducing malondialdehyde content in the leaves. The drought-tolerant actinomycete strain Act12 can enhance the phytoremediation efficiency of amaranth for Cd-contaminated soils under water deficit, exhibiting potential for application in arid and semi-arid areas.

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by the Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41230314), the program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team of the Chinese Ministry of Education (No. IRT0811), the open found of Engineering Research Center of Groundwater and Eco-Environment of Shaanxi Province (No. 310829151146), and Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of Ministry of Education.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region, Chang’an University, Ministry of Education, Xi’an, 710054, People’s Republic of China

    Shumiao Cao, Wenke Wang, Jun Zhang, Zhoufeng Wang & Shenke Yang

  2. College of Science, Air Force Engineering University, Xi’an, 710054, People’s Republic of China

    Fei Wang

  3. College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, People’s Republic of China

    Quanhong Xue

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  1. Shumiao Cao
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  2. Wenke Wang
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  4. Jun Zhang
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Correspondence to Wenke Wang.

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Cao, S., Wang, W., Wang, F. et al. Drought-tolerant Streptomyces pactum Act12 assist phytoremediation of cadmium-contaminated soil by Amaranthus hypochondriacus: great potential application in arid/semi-arid areas. Environ Sci Pollut Res 23, 14898–14907 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-016-6636-y

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