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Environmental behaviors and potential ecological risks of heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, and Zn) in multimedia in an oilfield in China

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Abstract

The environmental behaviors of five heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, and Zn) in a Chinese oilfield were investigated using a steady-state multimedia aquivalence (SMA) model. The modeling results showed good agreement with the actual measured values, with average residual errors of 0.69, 0.83, 0.35, 0.16, and 0.54 logarithmic units for air, water, soil, sediment, and vegetation compartments, respectively. Model results indicated that most heavy metals were buried in sediment, and that transfers between adjacent compartments were mainly deposition from the water to the sediment compartment (48.59 %) and from the air to the soil compartment (47.74 %) via atmospheric dry/wet deposition. Sediment and soil were the dominant sinks, accounting for 68.80 and 25.26 % of all the heavy metals in the multimedia system, respectively. The potential ecological risks from the five heavy metals in the sediment and soil compartments were assessed by the potential ecological risk index (PERI). The assessment results demonstrate that the heavy metals presented low levels of ecological risk in the sediment compartment, and that Cd was the most significant contributor to the integrated potential ecological risk in the oilfield. The SMA model provided useful simulations of the transport and fate of heavy metals and is a useful tool for ecological risk assessment and contaminated site management.

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by the Key Project of the National Science & Technology Pillar Program of the Eleventh Five-Year Plan (2008BAC43B01).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. MOE Key Laboratory of Regional Energy Systems Optimization, Resources and Environmental Research Academy, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, People’s Republic of China

    Yan Hu, Dazhou Wang & Yu Li

  2. State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environment Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China

    Yan Hu

Authors
  1. Yan Hu
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  2. Dazhou Wang
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  3. Yu Li
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Correspondence to Yu Li.

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Responsible editor: Marcus Schulz

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Hu, Y., Wang, D. & Li, Y. Environmental behaviors and potential ecological risks of heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, and Zn) in multimedia in an oilfield in China. Environ Sci Pollut Res 23, 13964–13972 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-016-6589-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-016-6589-1

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