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Influence of tea saponin on enhancing accessibility of pyrene and cadmium phytoremediated with Lolium multiflorum in co-contaminated soils

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Abstract

Tea saponin (TS), a kind of biodegradable surfactant, was chosen to improve the accessible solubilization of pyrene and cadmium (Cd) in co-contaminated soils cultivated Lolium multiflorum. TS obviously improved the accessibility of pyrene and Cd for L. multiflorum to accelerate the process of accumulation and elimination of the pollutants. The chemical forms of Cd was transformed from Fe-Mn oxides and associated to carbonates fractions into exchangeable fractions by adding TS in single Cd and pyrene-Cd contaminated soils. Moreover, the chemical forms of pyrene were transformed from associated fraction into bioaccessible fraction by adding TS in pyrene and pyrene-Cd contaminated soils. In pyrene-Cd contaminated soil, the exchangeable fraction of Cd was hindered in the existence of pyrene, and bioaccessible fraction of pyrene was promoted by the cadmium. Besides, in the process of the pyrene degradation and Cd accumulation, the effect could be improved by the elongation of roots with adding TS, and the microorganism activity was stimulated by TS to accelerate the removal of pollutions. Therefore, Planting L. multiflorum combined with adding TS would be an effective method on the phytoremediation of organics and heavy metals co-contaminated soils.

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Acknowledgements

The work was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41373097), Program for Innovative Research Team in University (No.IRT13078).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Environmental Remediation, College of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China

    Qian Wang, Xiaoyan Liu, Xinying Zhang, Yunyun Hou, Xiaoxin Hu, Xia Liang & Xueping Chen

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  1. Qian Wang
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  2. Xiaoyan Liu
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  3. Xinying Zhang
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  4. Yunyun Hou
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  5. Xiaoxin Hu
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  6. Xia Liang
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  7. Xueping Chen
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Correspondence to Xiaoyan Liu.

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Responsible editor: Elena Maestri

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Wang, Q., Liu, X., Zhang, X. et al. Influence of tea saponin on enhancing accessibility of pyrene and cadmium phytoremediated with Lolium multiflorum in co-contaminated soils. Environ Sci Pollut Res 23, 5705–5711 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-015-5784-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-015-5784-9

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