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Stormwater infiltration and surface runoff pollution reduction performance of permeable pavement layers

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Abstract

In this paper, the laboratory-scale permeable pavement layers, including a surface permeable brick layer, coarse sand bedding layers (thicknesses = 2, 3.5, and 5 cm), and single-graded gravel sub-base layers (thicknesses = 15, 20, 25, and 30 cm), were built to evaluate stormwater infiltration and surface runoff pollution reduction performance. And, the infiltration rate (I) and concentrations of suspended solids (SS), total phosphorus (TP), chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia nitrogen, and total nitrogen (TN) were measured under the simulated rainfall intensity of 72.4 mm/h over duration of 60 min. The results indicate that the thickness factor primarily influences the infiltration rate and pollutant removal rate. The highest steady infiltration rate was for surface brick layer 51.0 mm/h, for 5-cm sand bedding layer 32.3 mm/h, and for 30-cm gravel sub-base layer 42.3 mm/h, respectively. The SS average removal rate was relative higher (79.8∼98.6 %) for all layers due to the interception and filtration. The average removal rates of TP and COD were for surface layer 71.2 and 24.1 %, for 5-cm bedding layer 54.8 and 9.0 %, and for 20-cm sub-base layer 72.2 and 26.1 %. Ammonia nitrogen and TN cannot steadily be removed by layers according to the experiment results. The optimal thickness of bedding sands was 5 cm, and that of sub-base gravels was 20∼30 cm.

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Acknowledgments

This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51308305), the National Water Pollution Control and Management Technology Major Projects of China (2014ZX07203-009), and the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University of China. It is also very thankful for the Tianjin Urban Construction Design Institute for their help during the experiment.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China

    Zhi-Guang Niu & Zhi-Wei Lv

  2. College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China

    Ying Zhang

  3. China Shanghai Architectural Design & Research Institute Co., Ltd., Shanghai, 200063, China

    Zhen-Zhen Cui

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  1. Zhi-Guang Niu
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  2. Zhi-Wei Lv
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  3. Ying Zhang
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  4. Zhen-Zhen Cui
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Correspondence to Ying Zhang.

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Niu, ZG., Lv, ZW., Zhang, Y. et al. Stormwater infiltration and surface runoff pollution reduction performance of permeable pavement layers. Environ Sci Pollut Res 23, 2576–2587 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-015-5466-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-015-5466-7

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