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Investigation of heavy metal (Cu, Pb, Cd, and Cr) stabilization in river sediment by nano-zero-valent iron/activated carbon composite

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Abstract

Nano-zero-valent iron/activated carbon (nZVI/AC) composite was evaluated for its effectiveness in the stabilization of Cu, Pb, Cd, and Cr in dredged river sediment. Synthetic precipitation leaching procedure (SPLP) and toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) were adopted to compare the effects of nZVI/AC dosage, particle size, time duration, and temperature on heavy metal leachability. The results show that leachability dropped considerably with the addition of nZVI/AC and powdered particles in the size of 0.075–0.18 mm was more effective in stabilization than granular ones. Stabilization effect was stable in long-term and robust against changes in temperature. Tessier sequential extraction revealed that heavy metals were associated with solid particle, inorganic or organic matters in sediment. The addition of nZVI/AC was able to convert relatively weakly bound heavy metals into more strongly bound species and thus reduce the bioavailability and toxicity. Also, the standard potential of heavy metals may decide the mechanism of stabilization process.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the Shanghai Natural Science Foundation (14ZR1428900), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51078233), the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars, the State Education Ministry (SEM2013), and the Shanghai Committee of Science and Technology (13230502300).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Rd., Shanghai, 200093, China

    Wei-fang Chen, Jinghui Zhang, Xiaomao Zhang, Weiya Wang & Yuxiang Li

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  1. Wei-fang Chen
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  2. Jinghui Zhang
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  3. Xiaomao Zhang
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  4. Weiya Wang
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  5. Yuxiang Li
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Correspondence to Wei-fang Chen.

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Responsible editor: Philippe Garrigues

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Chen, Wf., Zhang, J., Zhang, X. et al. Investigation of heavy metal (Cu, Pb, Cd, and Cr) stabilization in river sediment by nano-zero-valent iron/activated carbon composite. Environ Sci Pollut Res 23, 1460–1470 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-015-5387-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-015-5387-5

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