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Harmful algal bloom removal and eutrophic water remediation by commercial nontoxic polyamine-co-polymeric ferric sulfate-modified soils

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Abstract

Harmful algal bloom has posed great threat to drinking water safety worldwide. In this study, soils were combined with commercial nontoxic polyamine poly(epichlorohydrin–dimethylamine) (PN) and polymeric ferric sulfate (PFS) to obtain PN-PFS soils for Microcystis removal and eutrophic water remediation under static laboratory conditions. High pH and temperature in water could enhance the function of PN-PFS soil. Algal removal efficiency increased as soil particle size decreased or modified soil dose increased. Other pollutants or chemicals (such as C, P, and organic matter) in eutrophic water could participate and promote algal removal by PN-PFS soil; these pollutants were also flocculated. During PN-PFS soil application in blooming field samples, the removal efficiency of blooming Microcystis cells exceeded 99 %, the cyanotoxin microcystins reduced by 57 %. Water parameters (as TP, TN, SS, and SPC) decreased by about 90 %. CODMn, PO4-P, and NH4-N also sharply decreased by >45 %. DO and ORP in water improved. Netting and bridging effects through electrostatic attraction and complexation reaction could be the two key mechanisms of Microcystis flocculation and pollutant purification. Considering the low cost of PN-PFS soil and its nontoxic effect on the environment, we proposed that this soil combination could be applied to remove cyanobacterial bloom and remediate eutrophic water in fields.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 31400405), the National Postdoctoral Foundation of China (Grant No. 2014 M561875), and the Water Science and Technology Fund (Grant No. KT201307). We thank Dr. Zhang Xianzheng and Dr. Zhang Xiaojin for their kind help in the characterization of the materials.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment of Poyang Lake, Jiangxi Institute of Water Sciences, Nanchang, 330029, People’s Republic of China

    Guofei Dai, Jiayou Zhong & Chunjing Guo

  2. State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, People’s Republic of China

    Guofei Dai, Lirong Song, Nanqin Gan & Zhenbin Wu

Authors
  1. Guofei Dai
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  2. Jiayou Zhong
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  3. Lirong Song
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  4. Chunjing Guo
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  5. Nanqin Gan
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  6. Zhenbin Wu
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Jiayou Zhong or Lirong Song.

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Responsible editor: Philippe Garrigues

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Dai, G., Zhong, J., Song, L. et al. Harmful algal bloom removal and eutrophic water remediation by commercial nontoxic polyamine-co-polymeric ferric sulfate-modified soils. Environ Sci Pollut Res 22, 10636–10646 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-015-4274-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-015-4274-4

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