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2,3,7,8-TCDD-mediated toxicity in peripheral blood mononuclear cells is alleviated by the antioxidants present in Gelidiella acerosa: an in vitro study

  • Pharmaceuticals in the aquatic environment
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Abstract

Seaweeds have been used as a source of traditional medicine worldwide for the treatment of various ailments, mainly due to their ability to quench the free radicals. The present study aims at evaluating the protective effect of methanolic extract of Gelidiella acerosa, an edible red seaweed against 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD)-induced toxicity in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). For evaluating the protective effect of G. acerosa, PBMC were divided into four groups: vehicle control, TCDD (10 nM), TCDD + G. acerosa (300 μg/ml), and G. acerosa alone treated. Scavenging of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by TCDD was assessed by the dichloro-dihydro-fluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) method. Alterations at macromolecular level were quantified through lipid peroxidation (LPO) level, protein carbonyl content (PCC) level, and comet assay. The cellular morphology upon TCDD toxicity and G. acerosa treatment was obtained by light microscopy and histopathological studies. The chemical composition present in the methanolic extract of G. acerosa was determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. The results reveal that 10 nM TCDD caused significant (P < 0.05) reduction in cell viability (94.10 ± 0.99), and treatment with 300 μg/ml extract increased the cell viability (99.24 ± 0.69). TCDD treatment resulted in a significant increase in the production of ROS, LPO (114 ± 0.09), and PCC (15.13 ± 1.53) compared to the control, whereas co-treatment with G. acerosa significantly (P < 0.05) mitigated the effects. Further, G. acerosa significantly (P < 0.05) prevented TCDD-induced genotoxicity and cell damage. GC-MS analysis showed the presence of n-hexadecanoic acid (retention time (RT) 13.15), cholesterol (RT 28.80), α-d-glucopyranose, 4-O-α-d-galactopyranosyl (RT 20.01), and azulene (RT 4.20). The findings suggest that G. acerosa has a strong protective ability against TCDD-induced cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, and DNA damage.

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Acknowledgments

KPD wishes to thank ICMR, India [IRS ID 2007-02200] for the financial support. The authors also gratefully acknowledge the computational and bioinformatics facility provided by the Alagappa University Bioinformatics Infrastructure Facility (funded by the Department of Biotechnology, Government of India; Grant No. BT/BI/25/001/2006).

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, 630 003, India

    Ilavarasi Kalaiselvan, Muthumanikandan Senthamarai & Pandima Devi Kasi

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  1. Ilavarasi Kalaiselvan
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  2. Muthumanikandan Senthamarai
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  3. Pandima Devi Kasi
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Correspondence to Pandima Devi Kasi.

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Kalaiselvan, I., Senthamarai, M. & Kasi, P.D. 2,3,7,8-TCDD-mediated toxicity in peripheral blood mononuclear cells is alleviated by the antioxidants present in Gelidiella acerosa: an in vitro study. Environ Sci Pollut Res 23, 5111–5121 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-014-3799-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-014-3799-2

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