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Influence of sediment composition on PAH toxicity using zebrafish (Danio rerio) and Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) embryo-larval assays

  • PAHs and fish – Exposure monitoring and adverse effects – from molecular to individual level
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Abstract

Due to hydrophobic and persistent properties, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have a high capacity to accumulate in sediment. Sediment quality criteria, for the assessment of habitat quality and risk for aquatic life, include understanding the fate and effects of PAHs. In the context of European regulation (REACH and Water Framework Directive), the first objective was to assess the influence of sediment composition on the toxicity of two model PAHs, benzo[a]pyrene and fluoranthene using 10-day zebrafish embryo-larval assay. This procedure was undertaken with an artificial sediment in order to limit natural sediment variability. A suitable sediment composition might be then validated for zebrafish and proposed in a new OECD guideline for chemicals testing. Second, a comparative study of toxicity responses from this exposure protocol was then performed using another OECD species, the Japanese medaka. The potential toxicity of both PAHs was assessed through lethal (e.g., survival, hatching success) and sublethal endpoints (e.g., abnormalities, PMR, and EROD) measured at different developmental stages, adapted to the embryonic development time of both species. Regarding effects observed for both species, a suitable artificial sediment composition for PAH toxicity testing was set at 92.5 % dry weight (dw) silica of 0.2–0.5-mm grain size, 5 % dw kaolin clay without organic matter for zebrafish, and 2.5 % dw blond peat in more only for Japanese medaka. PAH bioavailability and toxicity were highly dependent on the fraction of organic matter in sediment and of the K ow coefficients of the tested compounds. The biological responses observed were also dependent of the species under consideration. Japanese medaka embryos appeared more robust than zebrafish embryos for understanding the toxicity of PAHs following a sediment contact test, due to the longer exposure duration and lower sensitivity of sediment physical properties.

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Abbreviations

AhR:

Aryl hydrocarbon receptor

PAH:

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon

BaP:

Benzo[a]pyrene

Fluo:

Fluoranthene

hpf:

Hours post-fertilization

dpf:

Days post-fertilization

EROD:

Ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase

PMR:

Photomotor response

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Acknowledgments

Financial support for PhD grants was received by FLB from the Ministère de l’Enseignement de Supérieur et de la Recherche and by PP from both the Conseil Général de Charente Maritime and the Institut Français de Recherche pour l’Exploitation de la Mer (Ifremer). This research was supported by the French Agence Nationale pour la Recherche, program “Contaminant, Ecosystème et Santé,” within the framework of the ConPhyPoP (2009-002) research project and CPER A2E. This project is co-financed by the European Union with the European Regional Development Fund. S. Keiter and H. Zielke are acknowledged for their recommendation on sediment preparation and the Sibelco Company for generously providing sand. D. Leguay is acknowledged for the technical support of zebrafish behavioral assays and L. Lyphout for the help in the zebrafish breeding maintenance. This research was part of the LABEX COTE cluster of excellence “continental to coastal ecosystems.”

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Author notes

  1. Prescilla Perrichon

    Present address: Littoral Environnement et Sociétés (LIENSs), CNRS-Université de La Rochelle, UMRi 7266, 2 rue Olympe de Gouges, 17042, La Rochelle Cedex 01, France

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Ifremer, Laboratoire d’Ecotoxicologie, Place Gaby Coll, BP7, 17137, L’Houmeau, France

    Prescilla Perrichon & Xavier Cousin

  2. Littoral Environnement et Sociétés (LIENSs), CNRS-Université de La Rochelle, UMRi 7266, 2 rue Olympe de Gouges, 17042, La Rochelle Cedex 01, France

    Paco Bustamante

  3. Université de Bordeaux (EPOC, UMR CNRS 5805), Avenue des Facultés, 33405, Talence Cedex, France

    Florane Le Bihanic, Karyn Le Menach, Hélène Budzinski & Jérôme Cachot

  4. INRA, LPGP, Campus Beaulieu, 35042, Rennes Cedex, France

    Xavier Cousin

Authors
  1. Prescilla Perrichon
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  2. Florane Le Bihanic
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  3. Paco Bustamante
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  4. Karyn Le Menach
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  5. Hélène Budzinski
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  6. Jérôme Cachot
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  7. Xavier Cousin
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Prescilla Perrichon.

Additional information

Responsible editor: Cinta Porte

Electronic supplementary material

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Fig. 1 Supplementary data

Experimental design of zebrafish and medaka embryo-larval assays (PPTX 74 kb)

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Perrichon, P., Le Bihanic, F., Bustamante, P. et al. Influence of sediment composition on PAH toxicity using zebrafish (Danio rerio) and Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) embryo-larval assays. Environ Sci Pollut Res 21, 13703–13719 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-014-3502-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-014-3502-7

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