Abstract
As any Digital Image Correlation (DIC) method, Finite-Element (FE) based DIC methods lead to uncertainties which are related to the spatial resolution (in pixel/element). To overcome the tricky and well-known compromise between spatial resolution and uncertainty, a multiscale approach to FE-DIC is proposed. Additional nearfield images are used to improve locally the resolution of the measurement for a given measurement mesh. An automatic and accurate estimation of the nearfield/farfield transformation is obtained by a dedicated DIC based method, in order to bridge precisely the measurement performed at both scales. This multiscale measurement is then associated to a multiscale Finite Element Model Updating (FEMU) identification technique. After being validated on synthetic test cases, the method is applied to a tensile test carried out on an open-hole specimen made of glass/epoxy laminate. The four in-plane orthotropic elastic parameters are identified at different levels of loading. Results show that the multiscale approach greatly improves the uncertainty of both the measured displacements and the identified material parameters.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Grédiac M, Hild F (eds) (2012) Full-field measurements and identification in solid mechanics. Wiley. ISBN:9781848212947
Sutton M, Orteu JJ, Schreier H (2009) Image correlation for shape, motion and deformation measurements: basic concepts, theory and applications. Springer, New York
DIN EN ISO 527-4 (1997) Determination of the tensile properties of plastics, moulded materials, extruded materials and fibre reinforced plastic laminates
ASTM D3039-00 (2000) Standard test method for tensile properties of polymer matrix composite materials, vol 15
Meurs P, Schreurs P, Peijs T, Meijer H (1996) Characterization of interphase conditions in composite materials. Compos A: Appl Sci Manuf 27(9):781–786
Molimard J, Riche R, Vautrin A, Lee J (2005) Identification of the four orthotropic plate stiffnesses using a single open-hole tensile test. Exp Mech 45(5):404–411
Bruno L, Felice G, Pagnotta L, Poggialini A, Stigliano G (2008) Elastic characterization of orthotropic plates of any shape via static testing. Int J Solids Struct 45:908–920
Avril S, Bonnet M, Bretelle AS, Grédiac M, Hild F, Ienny P, Latourte F, Lemosse D, Pagano S, Pagnacco E, Pierron F (2008) Overview of identification methods of mechanical parameters based on full-field measurements. Exp Mech 48(4):381–402
Sztefek P, Olsson R (2008) Tensile stiffness distribution in impacted composite laminates determined by an inverse method. Compos A: Appl Sci Manuf 39(8):1282–1293
Réthoré J, Muhibullah, Elguedj T, Coret M, Chaudet P, Combescure A (2013). Int J Solids Struct 50:73–85
Azzouna MB, Feissel P, Villon P (2013) Identification of elastic properties from full-field measurements: a numerical study of the effect of filtering on the identification results. Meas Sci Technol 24(5):055,603
Bornert M, Brémand F, Doumalin P, Dupré JC, Fazzini M, Grédiac M, Hild F, Mistou S, Molimard J, Orteu JJ, Robert L, Surrel Y, Vacher P, Wattrisse B (2009) Assessment of digital image correlation measurement errors: methodology and results. Exp Mech 49(3):353–370
Hild F, Roux S (2012) Comparison of local and global approaches to digital image correlation. Exp Mech 52(9):1503–1519
Sutton M, Wolters W, Peters W, Ranson W, McNeill S (1983) Determination of displacements using an improved digital correlation method. Image Vis Comput 1(3):133–139
Bruck H, McNeill S, Sutton M, Peters W (1989) Digital image correlation using Newton-Raphson method of partial differential correction. Exp Mech 29:261–267
Sun Y, Pang J, Wong CK, Su F (2005) Finite element formulation for a digital image correlation method. Appl Opt 44(34):7357–7363
Besnard G, Hild F, Roux S (2006) Finite-element displacement fields analysis from digital images: application to Portevin-Le châtelier bands. Exp Mech 46(6):789–803
Fehrenbach J, Masmoudi M (2008) A fast algorithm for image registration. C R Math 346(9-10):593–598
Wang YQ, Sutton MA, Bruck HA, Schreier HW (2009) Quantitative error assessment in pattern matching: effects of intensity pattern noise, interpolation, strain and image contrast on motion measurements. Strain 45(2):160–178
Leclerc H, Périé JN, Roux S, Hild F (2009) Integrated digital image correlation for the identification of mechanical properties. Lect Notes Comput Sci 5496:161–171
Kavanagh KT, Clough RW (1971) Finite element applications in the characterization of elastic solids. Int J Solids Struct 7:11–23
Lecompte D, Smits A, Sol H, Vantomme J, Hemelrijck DV (2007) Mixed numerical-experimental technique for orthotropic parameter identification using biaxial tensile tests on cruciform specimens. Int J Solids Struct 44(5):1643–1656
Sztefek P, Olsson R (2009) Nonlinear compressive stiffness in impacted composite laminates determined by an inverse method. Compos A: Appl Sci Manuf 40(3):260–272
Lucas B, Kanade T (1981) An iterative image registration technique with an application to stereo vision. In: Proceedings of imaging understanding workshop, pp 121–130
Horn B, Schunck G (1981) Determining optical flow. Artif Intell 17:185–203
Roux S, Hild F, Berthaud Y (2002) Correlation image veloci- metry : a spectral approach. Appl Opt 41:108–115
Mortazavi F, Levesque M, Villemure I (2013) Image-based continuous displacement measurements using an improved spectral approach. Strain 49(3):233–248
Cheng P, Sutton M, Schreier H, McNeill SR (2002) Full-field speckle pattern image correlation with b-spline deformation function. Exp Mech 42(3):344–352
Réthoré J, Elguedj T, Simon P, Coret M (2010) On the use of nurbs functions for displacement derivatives measurement by digital image correlation. Exp Mech 50:1099–1116
Passieux JC, Périé JN (2012) High resolution digital image correlation using proper generalized decomposition: PGD-DIC. Int J Numer Methods Eng 92(6):531–550
Roux S, Hild F (2006) Stress intensity factor measurements from digital image correlation: post-processing and integrated approaches. Int J Fract 140:141–157
Hild F, Roux S, Guerrero N, Marante ME, Flórez-López J (2011) Calibration of constitutive models of steel beams subject to local buckling by using digital image correlation. Eur J Mech - A/Solids 30(1):1–10
Leclerc H, Périé JN, Roux S, Hild F (2011) Voxel-scale digital volume correlation. Exp Mech 51(4):479–490
Bay H, Ess A, Tuytelaars T, Gool LV (2008) SURF: speeded up robust features. Comp Vision Image Underst 110(3):346–359
Matas J, Chum O, Urban M, Pajdla T (2004) Robust wide-baseline stereo from maximally stable extremal regions. Image Vis Comput 22(10):761–767
Lowe DG (2004) Distinctive image features from scale-invariant keypoints. Int J Comput Vis 60(2):91–110
Orteu, JJ, Garcia, D, Robert, L, Bugarin, F (2006) A speckle-texture image generator. In: Speckle’06 international conference, vol 6341. doi:10.1117/12.695280
Perlin, K (1985) An image synthesizer. In: SIGGRAPH’85 international conference. San Francisco, California, pp 1643–1656
Lava P, Cooreman S, Coppieters S, De Strycker M, Debruyne D (2009) Assessment of measuring errors in dic using deformation fields generated by plastic fea. Opt Lasers Eng 47:747–753
Schreier H, Braasch J, Sutton M (2000) Systematic errors in digital image correlation caused by intensity interpolation. Opt Eng 39(11):2915–2921
Lekhnitskii S, Tsai SW, Cheron T (1968) Anisotropic plates. Gordon and Breach, New York
Amiot F, Bornert M, Doumalin P, Dupré JC, Fazzini M, Orteu JJ, Poilâne C, Robert L, Rotinat R, Toussaint E, Wattrisse B, Wienin JS (2013) Assessment of digital image correlation measurement accuracy in the ultimate error regime: main results of a collaborative benchmark. Strain 49(6):483–496
Geuzaine C, Remacle JF (2009) Gmsh: a three-dimensional finite element mesh generator with built-in pre- and post-processing facilities. Int J Numer Methods Eng 79(11):1309–1331
Reu P, Miller T (2008) The application of high-speed digital image correlation. J Strain Anal Eng Des 43(8):673–688
Wang W, Mottershead JE, Ihle A, Siebert T, Schubach HR (2011) Finite element model updating from full-field vibration measurement using digital image correlation. J Sound Vib 330(8):1599–1620
Besnard G, Leclerc H, Roux S, Hild F (2012) Analysis of image series through digital image correlation. J Strain Anal Eng Des 47(4):214–228
Gago J, Kelly D, Zienkiewicz O, Babŭska I (1983) A posteriori error analysis and adaptative processes in finite element method. part 2: adaptative mesh refinement. Int J Numer Methods Eng 19:1621–1656
Bizeul M, Bouvet C, Barrau JJ, Cuenca R (2010) Influence of woven ply degradation on fatigue crack growth in thin notched composites under tensile loading. Int J Fatigue 32(1):60–65
Chalal H, Meraghni F, Pierron F, Grédiac M (2004) Direct identification of the damage behaviour of composite materials using the virtual fields method. Compos A: Appl Sci Manuf 35(7-8):841–848
Grédiac M, Pierron F, Avril S, Toussaint E (2006) The virtual fields method for extracting constitutive parameters from full-field measurements: a review. Strain 42(4):233–253
Pierron F, Vert G, Burguete R, Avril S, Rotinat R, Wisnom MR (2007) Identification of the orthotropic elastic stiffnesses of composites with the virtual fields method: sensitivity study and experimental validation. Strain 43(3):250–259
Roux S, Hild F (2008) Digital image mechanical identification (dimi). Exp Mech 48(4):495–508
Crouzeix L, Périé JN, Collombet F, Douchin B (2009) An orthotropic variant of the equilibrium gap method applied to the analysis of a biaxial test on a composite material. Compos A: Appl Sci Manuf 40(11):1732–1740
Ben Azzouna M, Périé JN, Guimard JM, Hild F, Roux S (2011) On the identification and validation of an anisotropic damage model using full-field measurements. Int J Damage Mech 20(8):1130–1150
Gras R, Leclerc H, Roux S, Otin S, Schneider J, Pri JN (2013) Identification of the out-of-plane shear modulus of a 3d woven composite. Exp Mech 53(5):719–730
Wang W, Mottershead JE, Sebastian CM, Patterson EA (2011) Shape features and finite element model updating from full-field strain data. Int J Solids Struct 48(11-12):1644–1657
Bizeul M, Bouvet C, Barrau J, Cuenca R (2011) Fatigue crack growth in thin notched woven glass composites under tensile loading. part ii: modelling. Compos Sci Technol 71(3):297–305
Hallett S, Green B, Jiang WG, Cheung K, Wisnom M (2009) The open hole tensile test: a challenge for virtual testing of composites. Int J Fract 158(2):169– 181
Geers M, de Borst R, Peijs T (1999) Mixed numerical-experimental identification of non-local characteristics of random-fibre-reinforced composites. Compos Sci Technol 59(10):1569–1578
Shen B, Paulino G (2011) irect extraction of cohesive fracture properties from digital image correlation: a hybrid inverse technique. Exp Mech 51(2):143–163
Acknowledgments
This work was funded by the French “Agence Nationale de la Recherche” under the grant ANR-12-RMNP-0001 (VERTEX project).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Passieux, JC., Bugarin, F., David, C. et al. Multiscale Displacement Field Measurement Using Digital Image Correlation: Application to the Identification of Elastic Properties. Exp Mech 55, 121–137 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11340-014-9872-4
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11340-014-9872-4