Abstract
High performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (HPLC–MS) technique, employing a hybrid triple quadrupole/linear ion trap (QqQ/LIT) mass analyzer, was used for comprehensive metabolomic fingerprinting of several fruit juices types, prepared from expensive (orange) or relatively low-priced (apple, grapefruit) fruits. Following the automated data mining and pre-treatment step, the suitability of the multivariate HPLC–MS metabolomic data for authentication, i.e., classification of fruit juice and adulteration detection, was assessed with the use of advanced chemometric tools (principal component analysis, PCA, and linear discrimination analysis, LDA). The LDA classification model, constructed and validated employing a highly variable samples set, was able to reliably detect 15% addition of apple or grapefruit juice to orange juice. In the final stage of this study, high performance liquid chromatography–quadrupole–quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HPLC–QqTOFMS) measurements were performed in order to obtain data for identification of pre-selected marker compounds using elemental formula calculation and online databases search.
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The concept of this study was developed within research project supported by the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic (MSM 6046137305) and by the Ministry of Agriculture of Czech Republic (QI101B267).
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Vaclavik, L., Schreiber, A., Lacina, O. et al. Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry-based metabolomics for authenticity assessment of fruit juices. Metabolomics 8, 793–803 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11306-011-0371-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11306-011-0371-7