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Role of domestication in shaping Castanea sativa genetic variation in Europe

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Abstract

The genetic structure of sweet chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) across Europe was assessed using 73 inter-simple sequence repeat markers to screen 1,768 individuals from 68 stands distributed across 29 sites in five European countries (Italy, France, Spain, Greece, and UK). At each site, trees were sampled from three distinct management types (domestication levels): naturalized stands, managed coppice, and grafted fruit orchards. In more than a third of the orchards, nonlocal genetic material (grafted clones) were evident, showing (as predicted) large differences from the other two domestication levels for most of the within-population genetic diversity parameters estimated. Randomly generated linkage disequilibrium analysis revealed weak though significant differences in two-locus allelic correlations between naturalized stands and coppice, suggesting that long-term management techniques may influence the genetic makeup of the populations. Multivariate analysis revealed the existence of five distinct gene pools across the study area; three were located in Greece, one on the northwestern coast of the Iberian peninsula and a large gene pool covering the rest of the Mediterranean basin. The implications of the results are discussed in relation to developing conservation strategies for chestnut genetic resources in Europe.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank all individuals who provide chestnut samples: F. Romane and A. Grossman—National Scientific Research Center Montpellier (France); P. Aravanoupolos, Aristotele University—Thessaloniki (Greece); J. Fernandez-Lopez—CIF Lourizan (Spain); K. Russell—East Malling Research (England); T. Barreneche and C. Robin—Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique Bordeaux (France). Special thanks to Gösta Eriksson (University of Uppsala, Sweden) for critical reading of an earlier version of the manuscript and to Karen Russell for critical comments and English revising of the manuscript. This research was supported by the European Union project: “Securing gene conservation, adaptive and breeding potential of a model multipurpose tree species (Castanea sativa) in a changing environment (CASCADE)” (EVK2-CT-1999-00006) and by the Cooperation Italy–USA; Scienza e Tecnologia dei Cambiamenti Climatici (Italia–USA).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Istituto di e Biologia Agroambientale Forestale (IBAF), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Viale Marconi 2, 05010, Porano, Italy

    Claudia Mattioni, Marcello Cherubini, Elena Micheli & Fiorella Villani

  2. Istituto di Genetica Vegetale-Sezione di Firenze (IGV), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), v. Madonna del Piano snc, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy

    Gabriele Bucci

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  1. Claudia Mattioni
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  2. Marcello Cherubini
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  3. Elena Micheli
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  4. Fiorella Villani
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  5. Gabriele Bucci
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Correspondence to Fiorella Villani.

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Communicated by A. Kremer

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Mattioni, C., Cherubini, M., Micheli, E. et al. Role of domestication in shaping Castanea sativa genetic variation in Europe. Tree Genetics & Genomes 4, 563–574 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11295-008-0132-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11295-008-0132-6

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