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End-to-End Delay and Energy Efficient Routing Protocol for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks

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Abstract

Providing better communication and maximising the communication performance in a Underwater Wireless Sensor Network (UWSN) is always challenging due to the volatile characteristics of the underwater environment. Radio signals cannot properly propagate underwater, so there is a need for acoustic technology that can support better data rates and reliable underwater wireless communications. Node mobility, 3-D spaces and horizontal communication links are some critical challenges to the researcher in designing new routing protocols for UWSNs. In this paper, we have proposed a novel routing protocol called Layer by layer Angle-Based Flooding (L2-ABF) to address the issues of continuous node movements, end-to-end delays and energy consumption. In L2-ABF, every node can calculate its flooding angle to forward data packets toward the sinks without using any explicit configuration or location information. The simulation results show that L2-ABF has some advantages over some existing flooding-based techniques and also can easily manage quick routing changes where node movements are frequent.

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Acknowledgments

we would like thanks Universti Teknologi PETRONAS for support to complete this research project and also would like to thanks Dr. Muhammad Ayaz Arshad for his technical assistance.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. CIS Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Tronoh, Perak, Malaysia

    Tariq Ali & Low Tang Jung

  2. FAS Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Tronoh, Perak, Malaysia

    Ibrahima Faye

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  1. Tariq Ali
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  2. Low Tang Jung
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  3. Ibrahima Faye
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Correspondence to Tariq Ali.

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Ali, T., Jung, L.T. & Faye, I. End-to-End Delay and Energy Efficient Routing Protocol for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks. Wireless Pers Commun 79, 339–361 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-014-1859-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-014-1859-z

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