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Elucidation of antimicrobial susceptibility profiles and genotyping of Salmonella enterica isolates from clinical cases of salmonellosis in New Mexico in 2008

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Abstract

In this study, we investigated the antimicrobial susceptibility profiles and the distribution of some well known genetic determinants of virulence in clinical isolates of Salmonella enterica from New Mexico. The minimum inhibitory concentrations for various antimicrobials were determined by using the E-test strip method according to CLSI guidelines. Virulence genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using primers specific for known virulence genes of S. enterica. Of 15 isolates belonging to 11 different serovars analyzed, one isolate of Salmonella Typhimurium was resistant to multiple drugs namely ampicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, chloramphenicol and tetracycline, that also harbored class 1 intergron, bla TEM encoding genes for β-lactamase, chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (cat1), plus floR, tet(C) and tet(G). This strain was phage typed as DT104. PCR analysis revealed the presence of invA, hilA, stn, agfA and spvR virulence genes in all the isolates tested. The plasmid-borne pefA gene was absent in 11 isolates, while 5 isolates lacked sopE. One isolate belonging to serogroup E4 (Salmonella Sombre) was devoid of multiple virulence genes pefA, iroB, shdA and sopE. These results demonstrate that clinical Salmonella serotypes from New Mexico used here are predominantly sensitive to multiple antimicrobial agents, but vary in their virulence genotypes. Information on antimicrobial sensitivity and virulence genotypes will help in understanding the evolution and spread of epidemic strains of S. enterica in the region of study.

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Acknowledgments

This work was made possible in part by National Institutes of Health grants 1 R15 GM070562-01 and P20 RR016480, the latter of which is from the NM-INBRE program of the National Center for Research Resources, a contribution from Calton Research Associates in honor of George and Clytie Calton, and an Internal Research Grant from ENMU. The authors are grateful to Dr. Jeffrey K. Griffith (University of New Mexico) and to Dr. Tomofusa Tsuchiya (Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, University of Okayama, Japan) for helpful comments. We thank the Biological Sciences Bureau of the New Mexico State Laboratory Division (Albuquerque, NM, USA) for providing Salmonella clinical isolates.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biology, Eastern New Mexico University, Portales, NM, 88130, USA

    Kenneth P. Smith, Kathleen M. Cadle, Sanath Kumar, Steven J. Aragon, Ricardo L. Hernandez, Suzanna E. Jones, Jody L. Floyd & Manuel F. Varela

  2. Department of Microbiology, College of Fisheries, Mangalore, 57 5002, India

    Jeffy George

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  1. Kenneth P. Smith
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  2. Jeffy George
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  3. Kathleen M. Cadle
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  4. Sanath Kumar
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  5. Steven J. Aragon
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  7. Suzanna E. Jones
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  8. Jody L. Floyd
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  9. Manuel F. Varela
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Correspondence to Manuel F. Varela.

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Smith, K.P., George, J., Cadle, K.M. et al. Elucidation of antimicrobial susceptibility profiles and genotyping of Salmonella enterica isolates from clinical cases of salmonellosis in New Mexico in 2008. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 26, 1025–1031 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-009-0265-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-009-0265-2

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